Sufism in the Discourse of Islamic Science: An Analysis on the Issue of Definition and Categorization

Sufism is one of the key branches within the Islamic scholarly tradition, functioning as the spiritual dimension of Islam and focusing on the purification of the Muslim soul. Its foundation lies in practices such as tazkiyat al-nafs (purification of the self), self-reflection, asceticism, and other spiritual disciplines. However, Sufism has often been the subject of debate, particularly regarding its definitions, approaches, and classification within the broader discourse of Islamic knowledge. This study aims to analyze the various definitions of Sufism put forward by both classical and contemporary scholars, as well as to explore how Sufism is categorized within the structure of Islamic sciences. Employing a qualitative method through library research, this study draws upon relevant books and scholarly articles, with the collected data analyzed thematically. The findings indicate notable differences among normative, philosophical, and practical approaches to understanding and defining Sufism. Ultimately, this study seeks to contribute towards a clearer and more holistic comprehension of Sufism as a legitimate and relevant field within the context of contemporary Islamic knowledge and practice.