Relationship Between Bad Habits and Insomnia among Students at University Tun Hussein Onn Malaysia (UTHM), Pagoh)

Insomnia is the difficulty in falling asleep despite having the opportunity to sleep and it is associated with poor habits during both day and night. University students are a group that often experiences insomnia due to stress and fatigue which can negatively impact their performance. Factors influencing insomnia include bad habits such as prolonged gadget use, lack of physical activity, irregular eating and sleeping schedules, smoking, and others. Therefore, this study aims to identify the relationship between bad habits and insomnia among students at Universiti Tun Hussein Onn Malaysia (UTHM) Pagoh. A total of 300 respondents participated in this study which employed a quantitative approach and distributed online questionnaires (via Google Forms) to collect data from respondents. Data related to bad habits and insomnia were gathered for analysis to achieve the study’s objectives. The findings showed that smoking, heavy meals before bedtime, excessive daytime naps, feeling overly full before sleeping, and waking up too late were significantly associated with insomnia among UTHM Pagoh students. In contrast, factors such as gadget use, lack of exercise, coffee intake, and inconsistent nighttime sleeping schedules showed no significant effect. By understanding the relationship between daily habits and insomnia along with its adverse effects students can take proactive steps to improve sleep quality for their overall well-being. The results of this study provide important implications for students' sleep management by promoting healthy daily habits to reduce the risk of insomnia. The study also recommends the inclusion of a formal conclusion with practical campus-based recommendations, as well as the addition of a limitations section. Furthermore, stratified reporting by demographic variables is encouraged to support more targeted interventions.