Assessment of Level of Bim Integration into Working Drawing and Specification within the Nigerian Construction Industry

Building Information Modelling (BIM) has emerged as a game-changing tool in international construction, enhancing lifecycle efficiency, documentation correctness, and teamwork. But BIM adoption is still low in Nigeria, especially when it comes to creating functional drawings and specifications, which are essential for a project's success. This study investigated the amount of BIM integration into key documentation procedures throughout the Nigerian construction industry. 539 experts from the architectural, engineering, and construction (AEC) fields were given standardised questionnaires as part of a quantitative study design. Responses were analysed using descriptive statistics and the Relative Importance Index (RI). The results show that even while working drawings are produced using BIM programs like Revit and ArchiCAD, many experts still export their outputs into 2D formats for real-world applications. The majority of practitioners prepare specifications manually or as separate documents, and there is little integration of specifications directly into BIM settings. Lack of training, software expense, low client demand, and dependence on conventional CAD systems are some of the main obstacles that have been found. Notwithstanding these difficulties, the survey discovered that experts are aware of how BIM can improve precision, coordination, and design effectiveness. In order to encourage broad adoption, the study finds that BIM integration in Nigeria is still at the fundamental level and suggests focused training, policy enforcement, and workflow standardisation. This study adds to the current discussion on the digital transformation of the construction industry and provides useful tactics for enhancing the quality of documentation in emerging economies using BIM.