Managing Employee Engagement, Retention and Productivity in a Volatile Environment: A Study of Public Universities in South West Nigeria

This study examines the critical challenges and strategies for managing employee engagement, retention, and productivity in public universities in Nigeria, particularly within the context of a volatile and dynamic environment. Public universities in Nigeria are increasingly affected by economic instability, funding inadequacies, and frequent industrial disputes, all of which negatively impact staff morale, engagement, and overall productivity. The study employed a descriptive survey research approach, collecting data through surveys with academic and non-academic staff across selected public universities. Collected data were subjected to statistical analysis including descriptive statistics and linear regression analysis. Findings revealed that factors such as inadequate remuneration, limited career advancement opportunities, poor working conditions, and inconsistent government policies significantly contribute to low employee engagement and high turnover rates. Furthermore, the volatility in the operational environment exacerbates stress levels among employees, undermining their productivity and commitment. However, the study identified that implementing competitive compensation packages, providing continuous professional development, fostering effective communication, and promoting a participatory management style could enhance employee engagement and retention in such challenging circumstances. The study recommends that university management and policymakers prioritize staff welfare by addressing remuneration gaps and ensuring stable working conditions. Additionally, fostering a supportive institutional culture and aligning employee goals with organizational objectives are critical for enhancing productivity.