Lived Experiences of Generation X High School Teachers in Teaching Araling Panlipunan Among Learners

Low integration of technology in teaching. This study explored the experiences of Generation X high school teachers in integrating technology into the teaching of Araling Panlipunan (Social Studies), focusing on how these educators, who are not digital natives, navigate the challenges of incorporating modern technology into culturally rooted subjects. Using a qualitative descriptive phenomenological approach, data were collected through six in-depth interviews and four focus group discussions. The analysis, guided by the Cultural-Historical Activity Theory (CHAT), revealed three main themes: Cultural, Social, and Historical. Culturally, teachers combined traditional practices with modern digital tools, ensuring historical accuracy and cultural relevance. Socially, they addressed challenges such as limited resources, students’ lack of preparedness, and generational divides by fostering civic consciousness through project-based and values-driven approaches. Historically, they emphasized the importance of factual accuracy and critical thinking, viewing themselves as “stewards of truth.†Despite facing technological gaps and resource limitations, the teachers showed resilience and creativity, effectively bridging generational divides and empowering students to understand culture, identity, and social responsibility. The study concluded that Generation X teachers play a vital role in driving educational transformation. It recommended the implementation of culturally responsive professional development programs that support the integration of technology while preserving the cultural integrity of Araling Panlipunan (Social Studies) instruction. To strengthen this conclusion, future research should include comparative insights from Millennial and Generation Z teachers to highlight generational differences in teaching practices. Additionally, adopting a mixed-methods approach combining qualitative narratives with quantitative data, such as student engagement metrics, would enhance the study’s relevance and contribute to a more comprehensive understanding of Araling Panlipunan instruction across generations.