Qualitative Mindset behind Phenomenology: Implications to Qualitative Research Training

This paper describes how the qualitative mindset is fostered by and fosters the phenomenology research approach. A systematic literature review deepened researchers’ understanding of phenomenology by clarifying its conceptual foundations, identifying thematic trends through deductive thematic analysis, and evaluating methodological approaches. It highlights the contributions of Husserl, Heidegger, Merleau-Ponty, and Van Manen, strengthening the understanding of the qualitative mindset based on the study of lived experience. Phenomenology, as a qualitative research approach, focuses on understanding lived experiences, emphasizing subjective realities, and embracing the complexity of meaning-making. In epistemological awareness, it recognizes knowledge as co-constructed and context-dependent. Phenomenology embraces subjectivity and rejects absolute truths, instead highlighting personal histories, emotions, and social influences in interpreting experience. Reflexivity is central, with researchers practicing epoché (bracketing) to minimize bias and engage authentically with participants. Ethical considerations, such as power dynamics and informed consent, are also crucial. The flexible, iterative nature of phenomenology allows for continuous adaptation of the research approach. Phenomenology prioritizes depth over breadth, focusing on rich, detailed descriptions of individual experiences while considering sociocultural and historical influences. Researchers also employ a variety of data sources to gain a nuanced understanding, ensuring rigorous analysis and interpretation of themes and patterns. The study highlighted the need for structured, theory-driven phenomenological research training at basic, undergraduate, and graduate levels. It suggests using reflective activities in basic education, qualitative research methods in undergrad, and advanced interpretation and ethical considerations at the graduate level. This progressive approach aligns with the Philippine education system’s framework for developing competent researchers.