Socio-Economic and Livelihood Impacts of the Padma Multipurpose Bridge on Displaced Communities in Bangladesh

The Padma Multipurpose Bridge Project (PMBP), one of Bangladesh’s largest infrastructural initiatives, aims to enhance socio-economic growth for over 30 million residents. This study assesses the socio-economic, demographic, and psychological impacts of the project on displaced populations. A purposive sampling method was employed to select representative households from the affected population. Data were collected from a sample of households in affected areas, using a mixed-method approach along with sentiment analysis of media data to capture public opinion. The findings revealed that settlement households had an average income of Tk. 23,493, while non-settlement households earned Tk. 24,054. Education access was high, with 98% of households having nearby schools, but the dropout rate, particularly among girls in secondary school, was concerning. Households experienced a 69% loss in fish cultivation and a 51% loss of cultivable land due to displacement. The Padma Bridge brought economic opportunities still there were administrative challenges with inadequate compensation. While the bridge caused environmental damages due to destruction of home and infrastructure, some households where benefitted with modern facilities and better public services like roads and improved health care. This research highlights the need for improved service delivery and long-term support for displaced populations. Recommendations include the development of alternative livelihood opportunities, enhanced healthcare access, and addressing gaps in compensation to improve community resilience.