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Building Resilience in Online and Distance Learning: A Risk Management Perspective

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  • Raziana Che Aziz

    (Open University Malaysia)

  • Mohd Tajudin Md Ninggal

    (Open University Malaysia)

  • Ahmad Izanee Awang

    (Open University Malaysia)

Abstract

The implementation of an Enterprise Risk Management (ERM) framework at an open and distance learning (ODL) institution has played a key role in identifying, managing, and mitigating risks specific to the ODL environment. This study examines the effectiveness of the institution’s ERM practices in addressing critical risk areas, including technology infrastructure, academic integrity, regulatory compliance, and student engagement. Findings indicate that the institution’s overall risk rating is low-to-moderate, reflecting the presence of well-established controls to manage uncertainties and support strategic objectives. Despite the institution’s overall low-to-moderate risk rating, four areas—accreditation, partner performance, human capital, and geopolitical factors—pose significant risks requiring immediate intervention. The study offers practical recommendations to refine risk management practices, benefiting ODL institutions striving for sustainability and operational excellence.

Suggested Citation

  • Raziana Che Aziz & Mohd Tajudin Md Ninggal & Ahmad Izanee Awang, 2025. "Building Resilience in Online and Distance Learning: A Risk Management Perspective," International Journal of Research and Innovation in Social Science, International Journal of Research and Innovation in Social Science (IJRISS), vol. 9(3), pages 1287-1294, March.
    • Handle: RePEc:bcp:journl:v:9:y:2025:issue-3:p:1287-1294
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    1. Joachim Bjørge Ulven & Gaute Wangen, 2021. "A Systematic Review of Cybersecurity Risks in Higher Education," Future Internet, MDPI, vol. 13(2), pages 1-40, February.
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