Validating Cyberloafing Antecedents through Confirmatory Factor Analysis: Evidence from Malaysian Employees

This study presents the results of a confirmatory factor analysis (CFA) conducted to validate the measurement model of workplace stressors associated with cyberloafing among Malaysian employees. Building on an earlier exploratory factor analysis, the study examines the structure and validity of four latent constructs; workplace ostracism, role ambiguity, role conflict, ad role overload. Data were collected from 242 employees in various public and private sector organizations. The measurement model was tested using Structural Equation Modelling (SEM) with AMOS 26.0. The CFA results indicated that the proposed four-factor model achieved acceptable good fit: χ²/df = 2.003, CFI = 0.932, TLI = 0.919, RMSEA = 0.065, and SRMR = 0.045. All factor loadings were significant and exceeded the 0.60 threshold. Composite reliability (CR) values for each construct ranged from 0.89 to 0.94, and average variance extracted (AVE) values exceeded the 0.50 benchmark, indicating strong convergent validity. Discriminant validity was also confirmed via the Fornell-Larcker criterion. These findings provide robust psychometric support for the use of this four-construct model in future cyberloafing research. The validated instrument enhances the theoretical understanding of workplace antecedents to cyberloafing and provides a reliable measurement tool for researchers and practitioners.