The Role of Authentic Audiovisual Materials in Enhancing ESL Learning Outcomes: A Systematic Review (2016–2024)

This systematic review investigates the influence of authentic audiovisual materials (AAMs) on English as a Second Language (ESL) learning outcomes, synthesizing research published between 2016 and 2024. Drawing on 30 peer-reviewed empirical studies retrieved from Scopus, ERIC, and Google Scholar, and structured through the PRISMA framework, the review provides a comprehensive overview of how AAMs affect various dimensions of second language acquisition. The analysis reveals that AAMs play a pivotal role in enhancing learners’ listening comprehension, primarily by immersing them in naturalistic language use, diverse accents, and spontaneous speech patterns. In addition to auditory gains, learners benefit from improved vocabulary acquisition as they engage with lexicon embedded in real-world contexts. Furthermore, the inclusion of culturally rich content contributes to the development of intercultural competence and fosters positive attitudes toward language learning. AAMs also support learner motivation by promoting engagement and autonomy, particularly when learners are given the agency to select content aligned with their interests. Despite these advantages, the review identifies persistent challenges such as inconsistent content quality, digital inequity, and a lack of pedagogical guidance in implementing AAMs effectively. Educators are encouraged to integrate AAMs with pre-, while-, and post-viewing tasks to maximize learning outcomes. The findings underscore the pedagogical potential of AAMs in modern ESL classrooms and advocate for longitudinal studies exploring their sustained impact. Future research should also examine the role of adaptive learning technologies and personalization strategies to optimize the integration of AAMs across varied instructional settings.