The Moderating Role of Emotion Regulation in the Relationship between Trauma Exposure, Diet and Sleep Quality among Adults in Uyo Metropolis

Trauma exposure, poor diet, and low sleep quality are interconnected challenges with significant health implications, yet limited attention has been given to the moderating role of emotion regulation in these relationships. This study explored the moderating role of emotion regulation in the relationship between trauma exposure, diet, and sleep quality among adults in Uyo Metropolis, Nigeria. A total of 300 participants (172 males, 128 females), aged 18–39 years (M = 23.8), were purposively selected. They completed the Emotion Regulation Questionnaire (ERQ), Trauma History Questionnaire (THQ), Diet and Behavior Scale (DABS), and Sleep Quality Scale (SQS). Data were analyzed using the Hayes regression-based PROCESS macro and Pearson’s r statistic. Results revealed that trauma exposure was negatively associated with sleep quality, while diet and emotion regulation were positively associated with sleep quality. Additionally, emotion regulation moderated the relationship of trauma exposure, diet and sleep quality. These findings reveal the critical role of emotion regulation in mitigating the negative effects of trauma and poor dietary habits on sleep quality. Practical implications are discussed, highlighting the need for targeted interventions to improve sleep quality and overall well-being.