Strengthening Forensic Science in Bangladesh’s Criminal Justice System: Challenges, Opportunities, and Strategies for Improvement

Forensic science is integral to enhancing the accuracy, efficiency, and credibility of criminal investigations and legal proceedings. In Bangladesh, where the criminal justice system grapples with issues such as delayed trials, limited resources, and an overwhelming backlog of cases, the application of forensic science presents a critical opportunity for reform. This study explores the current role and potential of forensic science in Bangladesh’s criminal justice system, highlighting key forensic disciplines such as DNA analysis, fingerprinting, digital forensics, and toxicology. Through a comprehensive review of these disciplines, the research underscores their contribution to more reliable investigations, fairer trials, and enhanced public confidence in the justice system. Additionally, the study identifies several challenges hindering the effective implementation of forensic science, including inadequate infrastructure, a shortage of trained personnel, and low public awareness. Drawing on a combination of literature review, case studies, stakeholder interviews, and public surveys, the research evaluates the effectiveness of forensic science in law enforcement and judicial processes. The study proposes a series of recommendations to address these challenges, focusing on modernizing forensic capabilities, capacity-building, and fostering greater collaboration among forensic experts, law enforcement agencies, and the judiciary. Ultimately, the study aims to strengthen the role of forensic science in ensuring justice, by improving criminal investigation processes and reinforcing public trust in Bangladesh’s legal system.