Analysis of the Cultural Elements of Enamel-Colored Porcelain in Qing Dynasty Based on the Theory of Cultural Three Levels

Based on the theory of three levels of culture, this study analyzed the cultural elements of enamel-colored porcelain in Qing Dynasty by using experimental methods. In the process of research, first of all, 10 experts in the field of porcelain design were invited to use Delphi expert consultation method to sort out and summarize42representative enamel-colored porcelains in Qing Dynasty from 100 enamel-colored porcelains in Qing Dynasty stored in Beijing Palace Museum and Taipei Palace Museum. Secondly, this study invited 16 designers from porcelain fields to conduct individual analysis of the cultural elements of these 42 enamel-colored porcelains in Qing Dynasty. In addition, this study divided 16 designers into two groups for focus group discussion. Finally, this study used thematic analysis to analyze the results of focus group discussions. The result of this research shows that the three levels of enamel-colored porcelain culture in Qing Dynasty contain 9elements. That is, the pattern, color, shape, and material in the outer tangible level, the craftsmanship, function, usage experience in the middle behavioral level, and the allusion, cultural peculiarity in the inner intangible level. This research can provide a theoretical framework for further clarifying the cultural characteristics of enamel-colored in Qing Dynasty and the design methods of inheriting and innovating enamel-colored.