Developing Conceptual Framework for Prevention through Design (PtD) Implementation based on Construction Work Design Management Regulations 2024 in Malaysian Construction Industry

Occupational Safety and Health (OSH) is essential for protecting workers and is a key factor in determining project success and quality. Despite its importance, the construction industry consistently faces high fatality rates due to the hazardous nature of its activities and complex project characteristics. Between 2017 and October 2023, the Malaysian construction industry recorded the highest fatality rate among all industries, with 548 fatalities, surpassing manufacturing (427 fatalities). In response, DOSH introduced the Occupational Safety and Health (Construction Work) (Design and Management) Regulations 2024 to enhance safety standards in Malaysia. However, the process for its implementation remains unclear for construction stakeholders. This study aims to develop a conceptual framework for implementing Prevention through Design (PtD) in the Malaysian construction industry in compliance with the new regulation. By analysing the Occupational Safety and Health (Construction Work) (Design and Management) Regulations 2024, Occupational Safety and Health (Amendment) Act 2022, and the Guidelines on Occupational Safety and Health in the Construction Industry (Management) 2017, the framework outlines the timeline for PtD integration throughout various project phases. This framework provides clear timeline for construction stakeholders to adopt PtD and ensure compliance with the regulation. Future research is recommended to develop a more comprehensive and strategic process protocol for more effective PtD implementation and regulatory adherence.