Research on Policies Promoting Youth Innovation and Entrepreneurship in the Greater Bay Area of Guangdong, Hong Kong, China and Macau, China: A Qualitative Analysis of Policies in Guangzhou, Shenzhen, and Zhuhai

Background: In order to identify the relationship between the dimensions of innovation and entrepreneurship policies and their effectiveness, and to assist policymakers in formulating relevant policies and measures tailored to the needs of young people, this study focuses on promoting the development of the Greater Bay Area of Guangdong, Hong Kong, China, and Macau, China. Subjects and Methods: Based on policy text analysis and employing NVivo qualitative analysis software, this study selects the youth entrepreneurship and innovation policies of Guangzhou, Shenzhen, and Zhuhai in the Greater Bay Area as research samples. Five policy-supporting dimensions were identified from the policy texts of the three cities: material capital support, human capital support, technical consulting support, social capital support, and public service support. By comparing these dimensions across the three cities, the study aims to determine the focal points and differences within each policy dimension among different regions. Through NVivo qualitative analysis, it further compares the differences in keywords and themes among the three projects to better understand the similarities and divergences in policy expression. Results and Conclusions: The research findings reveal that Guangzhou presents the most comprehensive policy coverage; Shenzhen's emphasis on technological capital notably influences youth employment and entrepreneurship; and Zhuhai's policies show a tendency to support young people from Macau, China. In conclusion, this paper highlights the importance of formulating innovation and entrepreneurship policies based on local characteristics and achieving a balanced approach across cities.