Lead content of sindoor, a hindu religious powder and cosmetic: New Jersey and India, 2014-2015

Objectives. To assess the extent of lead content of sindoor, a powder used by Hindus for religious and cultural purposes, which has been linked to childhood lead poisoning when inadvertently ingested. Methods. We purchased 95 samples of sindoor from 66 South Asian stores in New Jersey and 23 samples from India and analyzed samples with atomic absorption spectrophotometry methods for lead. Results. Analysis determined that 79 (83.2%) sindoor samples purchased in the United States and 18 (78.3%) samples purchased in India contained 1.0 ormoremicrograms of lead per gram of powder. ForUS samples, geometric mean concentrationwas 5.4micrograms per gramcomparedwith 28.1microgramsper gramfor Indiasamples.Themaximumlead content detected in both US and India samples was more than 300 000 micrograms per gram. Of the examined USsindoor samples,19%containedmore than 20micrograms per gram of lead (US Food and Drug Administration [FDA] limit); 43% of the India samples exceeded this limit. Conclusions. Results suggested continued need for lead monitoring in sindoor in the United States and in sindoor carried into the United States by travelers from India, despite FDA warnings.