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Disparities in reportable communicable disease incidence by census tract-level poverty, New York City, 2006-2013

Author

Listed:
  • Greene, S.K.
  • Levin-Rector, A.
  • Hadler, J.L.
  • Fine, A.D.

Abstract

Objectives. We described disparities in selected communicable disease incidence across area-based poverty levels in New York City, an area with more than 8 million residents and pronounced household income inequality. Methods. We geocoded and categorized cases of 53 communicable diseases diagnosed during 2006 to 2013 by census tract-based poverty level. Age-standardized incidence rate ratios (IRRs) were calculated for areas with 30% or more versus fewer than 10% of residents below the federal poverty threshold. Results. Diseases associated with high poverty included rickettsialpox (IRR = 3.69; 95% confidence interval [CI] = 2.29, 5.95), chronic hepatitis C (IRR for new reports = 3.58; 95% CI = 3.50, 3.66), and malaria (IRR = 3.48; 95% CI = 2.97, 4.08). Diseases associated with low poverty included domestic tick-borne diseases acquired through travel to areas where infected vectors are prevalent, such as human granulocytic anaplasmosis (IRR = 0.08; 95% CI = 0.03, 0.19) and Lyme disease (IRR = 0.34; 95% CI = 0.32, 0.36). Conclusions. Residents of high poverty areas were disproportionately affected by certain communicable diseases that are amenable to public health interventions. Future work should clarify subgroups at highest risk, identify reasons for the observed associations, and use findings to support programs to minimize disparities.

Suggested Citation

  • Greene, S.K. & Levin-Rector, A. & Hadler, J.L. & Fine, A.D., 2015. "Disparities in reportable communicable disease incidence by census tract-level poverty, New York City, 2006-2013," American Journal of Public Health, American Public Health Association, vol. 105(9), pages 27-34.
    • Handle: RePEc:aph:ajpbhl:10.2105/ajph.2015.302741_9
    DOI: 10.2105/AJPH.2015.302741
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    Cited by:

    1. Suparna Das & Jenevieve Opoku & Adam Allston & Michael Kharfen, 2018. "Detecting spatial clusters of HIV and hepatitis coinfections," PLOS ONE, Public Library of Science, vol. 13(9), pages 1-13, September.
    2. Emily E Lynch & Helen C S Meier, 2020. "The intersectional effect of poverty, home ownership, and racial/ethnic composition on mean childhood blood lead levels in Milwaukee County neighborhoods," PLOS ONE, Public Library of Science, vol. 15(6), pages 1-15, June.
    3. Ja-Young Han & Jae-Hee Kwon & Sun-Hwa Kim & Heeyoung Lee, 2023. "Hepatitis Risk in Diabetes Compared to Non-Diabetes and Relevant Factors: A Cross-Sectional Study with National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES), 2013–2018," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 20(6), pages 1-12, March.

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