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Effects of individual and proximate educational context on intimate partner violence: A population-based study of women in India

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  • Ackerson, L.K.
  • Kawachi, I.
  • Barbeau, E.M.
  • Subramanian, S.V.

Abstract

Objectives. We examined the role of women's education and proximate educational context on intimate partner violence (IPV). Methods. We examined a sample of 83627 married women aged 15 to 49 years from the 1998 to 1999 Indian National Family Health Survey. We used multilevel multiple logistic regression modeling to estimate the relative effect of women's and their husband's levels of education, spousal education differential, and community-level literacy on women's risk of recent and lifetime IPV. Results. In adjusted models, odds of recent IPV among women without any education were 5.61 times (95% confidence interval [CI] = 3.53, 8.92) those of college-educated women, and odds among wives of uneducated men were 1.84 times (95% CI = 1.44, 2.35) those of wives of college-educated men. Women with more education than their husbands were more likely than those with educational parity to report recent IPV (odds ratio [OR] = 1.18; 95% CI = 1.05, 1.33). The results were similar for lifetime IPV. After we controlled for individual factors, as community male and female literacy levels increased, likelihood of IPV declined. Conclusions. Although increasing women's levels of education is crucial to reducing IPV for women, proximate educational context is also an important factor in reducing this public health burden.

Suggested Citation

  • Ackerson, L.K. & Kawachi, I. & Barbeau, E.M. & Subramanian, S.V., 2008. "Effects of individual and proximate educational context on intimate partner violence: A population-based study of women in India," American Journal of Public Health, American Public Health Association, vol. 98(3), pages 507-514.
    • Handle: RePEc:aph:ajpbhl:10.2105/ajph.2007.113738_4
    DOI: 10.2105/AJPH.2007.113738
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    1. Boyle, Michael H. & Georgiades, Katholiki & Cullen, John & Racine, Yvonne, 2009. "Community influences on intimate partner violence in India: Women's education, attitudes towards mistreatment and standards of living," Social Science & Medicine, Elsevier, vol. 69(5), pages 691-697, September.
    2. Mustafa Özer & Jan Fidrmuc & Mehmet Ali Eryurt, 2023. "Education and domestic violence: Evidence from a natural experiment in Turkey," Kyklos, Wiley Blackwell, vol. 76(3), pages 436-460, August.
    3. Abel Kinyondo & Magashi Joseph, 2021. "Women’s employment status and domestic violence in Tanzania: How do they link?," International Journal of Social Welfare, John Wiley & Sons, vol. 30(2), pages 216-225, April.
    4. Jorge M. Agüero & Veronica Frisancho, 2022. "Measuring Violence against Women with Experimental Methods," Economic Development and Cultural Change, University of Chicago Press, vol. 70(4), pages 1565-1590.
    5. Pesando, Luca Maria & De Cao, Elisabetta & La Mattina, Giulia & Ciancio, Alberto, 2023. "Educational Assortative Mating and Harsh Parenting in Sub-Saharan Africa," IZA Discussion Papers 16466, Institute of Labor Economics (IZA).
    6. Sujan Gautam & Hyoung-Sun Jeong, 2019. "Intimate Partner Violence in Relation to Husband Characteristics and Women Empowerment: Evidence from Nepal," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 16(5), pages 1-21, February.
    7. Özer, Mustafa & Fidrmuc, Jan, 2017. "Male Education and Domestic Violence in Turkey: Evidence from a Natural Experiment," GLO Discussion Paper Series 109, Global Labor Organization (GLO).
    8. Cools, Sara & Kotsadam, Andreas, 2017. "Resources and Intimate Partner Violence in Sub-Saharan Africa," World Development, Elsevier, vol. 95(C), pages 211-230.
    9. D'Alessio, Stewart J. & Stolzenberg, Lisa, 2010. "The sex ratio and male-on-female intimate partner violence," Journal of Criminal Justice, Elsevier, vol. 38(4), pages 555-561, July.
    10. Colfer, Carol J. Pierce & Achdiawan, Ramadhani & Roshetko, James M. & Mulyoutami, Elok & Yuliani, E. Linda & Mulyana, Agus & Moeliono, Moira & Adnan, Hasantoha & Erni,, 2015. "The Balance of Power in Household Decision-Making: Encouraging News on Gender in Southern Sulawesi," World Development, Elsevier, vol. 76(C), pages 147-164.
    11. Chudgar, Amita & Kim, Youngran & Morley, Alyssa & Sakamoto, Jutaro, 2019. "Association between completing secondary education and adulthood outcomes in Kenya, Nigeria, Tanzania and Uganda," International Journal of Educational Development, Elsevier, vol. 68(C), pages 35-44.
    12. Hidrobo, Melissa & Fernald, Lia, 2013. "Cash transfers and domestic violence," Journal of Health Economics, Elsevier, vol. 32(1), pages 304-319.
    13. Seema Vyas & Lori Heise, 2016. "How do area-level socioeconomic status and gender norms affect partner violence against women? Evidence from Tanzania," International Journal of Public Health, Springer;Swiss School of Public Health (SSPH+), vol. 61(8), pages 971-980, November.
    14. Kathryn M. Yount & AliceAnn Crandall & Yuk Fai Cheong & Theresa L. Osypuk & Lisa M. Bates & Ruchira T. Naved & Sidney Ruth Schuler, 2016. "Child Marriage and Intimate Partner Violence in Rural Bangladesh: A Longitudinal Multilevel Analysis," Demography, Springer;Population Association of America (PAA), vol. 53(6), pages 1821-1852, December.
    15. Rula Odeh Alsawalqa, 2020. "Economic Abuse of Women in Amman, Jordan: A Quantitative Study," SAGE Open, , vol. 10(4), pages 21582440209, December.
    16. Ramos, Amaya Alexandra, 2022. "Interventions and participatory clinical research for the enhancement of health systems interfacing with displaced Afghan women," SocArXiv hysbu, Center for Open Science.
    17. Orsola Torrisi, 2021. "The long echo of war. Early-life exposure to armed conflict and female experiences of intimate partner violence," HiCN Working Papers 358, Households in Conflict Network.
    18. VanderEnde, Kristin E. & Yount, Kathryn M. & Dynes, Michelle M. & Sibley, Lynn M., 2012. "Community-level correlates of intimate partner violence against women globally: A systematic review," Social Science & Medicine, Elsevier, vol. 75(7), pages 1143-1155.
    19. Abigail Weitzman, 2014. "Women's and Men's Relative Status and Intimate Partner Violence in India," Population and Development Review, The Population Council, Inc., vol. 40(1), pages 55-75, March.
    20. Þevket Alper Koç & Hakký Cenk Erkin, 2012. "On Intergenerational Transmission of Domestic Violence: Pollak Revisited," Bogazici Journal, Review of Social, Economic and Administrative Studies, Bogazici University, Department of Economics, vol. 26(1), pages 45-65.
    21. Singh, Vanita & Babbar, Karan, 2022. "Empowered but abused? A moderated mediation analysis to explore the relationship between wife's relative resources, relational empowerment and physical abuse," Social Science & Medicine, Elsevier, vol. 296(C).
    22. Marc Audi & Razan Al-Masri & Chan Bibi, 2022. "Challenging Assumptions about Women’s Empowerment and Economic Resources and Domestic Violence among Young Married Women in India," Journal of Policy Research (JPR), Research Foundation for Humanity (RFH), vol. 8(2), pages 23-33, August.
    23. Adedokun Olaide & Adeyemi Oluwagbemiga & Adeniyi Bolajoko & Olowe Kolawole, 2022. "Men’s Involment in Contraceptives Use and Wellbeing of Women in Nigeria: Implications for FP2020," SAGE Open, , vol. 12(3), pages 21582440221, September.

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