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Неплатежеспособные компании и их влияние на экономический рост в Казахстане // Insolvent firms: Identification and consequences in Kazakhstan

Author

Listed:
  • Рустанов С. // Rustanov S.

    (National Bank of Kazakhstan)

  • Ыбраев Ж. // Ybrayev Z.

    (National Bank of Kazakhstan)

  • Куандыков Б. // Kuandykov B.

    (National Bank of Kazakhstan)

  • Хакимжанов С. // Khakimzhanov S.

    (National Bank of Kazakhstan)

Abstract

В данной статье представлены новые эмпирические данные о фирмах, испытывающих финансовые трудности продолжительное время, в том числе с точки зрения развивающейся экономики. Такое состояние отображает неплатежеспособность фирмы с точки зрения денежного потока (ликвидности) и баланса, которая однако продолжает действовать, вероятно, при некоторой внешней поддержке. Мы применяем две стратегии идентификации для выявления неплатежеспособных фирм. Первый подход, основанный на коэффициенте покрытия процентов, характеризует способность компаний обслуживать долговые обязательства по мере наступления срока их погашения. Второй подход на основе баланса актуален для фирм с отрицательным капиталом. Мы документально подтверждаем, что доля неплатежеспособных фирм в Казахстане снижается, они менее прибыльны, производят меньше инвестиций и рабочих мест по сравнению со здоровыми компаниями. Они более закредитованы и менее способны обслуживать свои долговые обязательства; их доля, как правило, увеличивается с размером и возрастом фирмы. Важно отметить, что увеличение доли неплатежеспособных фирм также снижает финансовую активность здоровых компаний в соответствующей отрасли. // This paper brings a novel empirical evidence on financially distressed firms, specifically, from the perspective of a developing economy. A distressed condition depicts both cash flow and balance sheet insolvency, which however continues to operate, likely provided with some external support. We apply two identification strategies in order to detect insolvent firms. First, interest coverage ratio approach describes companies that are unable to serve debts as they fall due. Second, balance-sheet approach is relevant for firms with negative equity. We document that share of insolvent firms is decreasing in Kazakhstan as well as they are less profitable, produce less investment and employment when compared to healthy companies. They are more leveraged and less able to serve their due debt, also their share generally rises with firm size and age. Importantly, we find that an increase in the share of insolvent firms also diminishes the financial activity of healthy companies in the given industry.

Suggested Citation

  • Рустанов С. // Rustanov S. & Ыбраев Ж. // Ybrayev Z. & Куандыков Б. // Kuandykov B. & Хакимжанов С. // Khakimzhanov S., 2025. "Неплатежеспособные компании и их влияние на экономический рост в Казахстане // Insolvent firms: Identification and consequences in Kazakhstan," Economic Review(National Bank of Kazakhstan), National Bank of Kazakhstan, issue 2 Special, pages 57-69.
  • Handle: RePEc:aob:journl:y:2025:i:2special:p:57-69
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    JEL classification:

    • F34 - International Economics - - International Finance - - - International Lending and Debt Problems
    • G15 - Financial Economics - - General Financial Markets - - - International Financial Markets
    • G32 - Financial Economics - - Corporate Finance and Governance - - - Financing Policy; Financial Risk and Risk Management; Capital and Ownership Structure; Value of Firms; Goodwill

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