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Hedge Funds: A Dynamic Industry in Transition

Author

Listed:
  • Andrew W. Lo

    (AlphaSimplex Group, LLC, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02142; and MIT Sloan School of Management, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02142-1347)

  • Mila Getmansky

    (Isenberg School of Management, University of Massachusetts, Amherst, Massachusetts 01003)

  • Peter A. Lee

    (AlphaSimplex Group, LLC, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02142)

Abstract

The hedge-fund industry has grown rapidly over the past two decades, offering investors unique investment opportunities that often reflect more complex risk exposures than those of traditional investments. In this article, we present a selective review of the recent academic literature on hedge funds as well as updated empirical results for this industry. Our review is written from several distinct perspectives: the investor's, the portfolio manager's, the regulator's, and the academic's. Each of these perspectives offers a different set of insights into the financial system, and the combination provides surprisingly rich implications for the Efficient Markets Hypothesis, investment management, systemic risk, financial regulation, and other aspects of financial theory and practice.

Suggested Citation

  • Andrew W. Lo & Mila Getmansky & Peter A. Lee, 2015. "Hedge Funds: A Dynamic Industry in Transition," Annual Review of Financial Economics, Annual Reviews, vol. 7(1), pages 483-577, December.
    • Handle: RePEc:anr:refeco:v:7:y:2015:p:483-577
    DOI: 10.1146/annurev-financial-110311-101741
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    Cited by:

    1. Priya Malhotra & Pankaj Sinha, 2024. "Balanced Funds in India Amid COVID-19 Crisis: Spreader of Financial Contagion?," IIM Kozhikode Society & Management Review, , vol. 13(1), pages 7-24, January.
    2. Oliva, I. & Renò, R., 2018. "Optimal portfolio allocation with volatility and co-jump risk that Markowitz would like," Journal of Economic Dynamics and Control, Elsevier, vol. 94(C), pages 242-256.
    3. Ben-David, Itzhak & Birru, Justin & Rossi, Andrea, 2020. "The Performance of Hedge Fund Performance Fees," Working Paper Series 2020-14, Ohio State University, Charles A. Dice Center for Research in Financial Economics.
    4. Julien Hambuckers & Marie Kratz & Antoine Usseglio-Carleve, 2023. "Efficient Estimation in Extreme Value Regression Models of Hedge Fund Tail Risks," Papers 2304.06950, arXiv.org.
    5. Massimo Guidolin & Alexei G. Orlov, 2022. "Can Investors Benefit from Hedge Fund Strategies? Utility-Based, Out-of-Sample Evidence," Quarterly Journal of Finance (QJF), World Scientific Publishing Co. Pte. Ltd., vol. 12(03), pages 1-61, September.
    6. Bandi, Federico M. & Renò, Roberto, 2022. "β in the tails," Journal of Econometrics, Elsevier, vol. 227(1), pages 134-150.
    7. Yang, Fan & Havranek, Tomas & Irsova, Zuzana & Novak, Jiri, 2022. "Hedge Fund Performance: A Quantitative Survey," EconStor Preprints 260612, ZBW - Leibniz Information Centre for Economics.
    8. Yang, Fan & Havranek, Tomas & Irsova, Zuzana & Novak, Jiri, 2024. "Where Have All the Alphas Gone? A Meta-Analysis of Hedge Fund Performance," MetaArXiv ps2yn, Center for Open Science.
    9. Nina Boyarchenko & Thomas M. Eisenbach & Pooja Gupta & Or Shachar & Peter Van Tassel, 2018. "Bank-Intermediated Arbitrage," Liberty Street Economics 20181018, Federal Reserve Bank of New York.
    10. Fan Yang & Tomas Havranek & Zuzana Irsova & Jiri Novak, 2024. "Is research on hedge fund performance published selectively? A quantitative survey," Journal of Economic Surveys, Wiley Blackwell, vol. 38(4), pages 1085-1131, September.
    11. repec:osf:metaar:ps2yn_v1 is not listed on IDEAS
    12. Sinclair, Andrew J., 2023. "Do prime brokers intermediate capital?," Journal of Financial Intermediation, Elsevier, vol. 53(C).
    13. Faff, Robert W. & Parwada, Jerry T. & Tan, Eric K.M., 2019. "Did connected hedge funds benefit from bank bailouts during the financial crisis?," Journal of Banking & Finance, Elsevier, vol. 107(C), pages 1-1.
    14. Daniel Barth & Juha Joenvaara & Mikko Kauppila & Russ Wermers, 2020. "The Hedge Fund Industry is Bigger (and has Performed Better) Than You Think," Working Papers 20-01, Office of Financial Research, US Department of the Treasury, revised 08 Mar 2021.
    15. Yang Gao & Stephen Satchell & Nandini Srivastava, 2020. "Styles through a convergent/divergent lens: the curious case of ESG," Journal of Asset Management, Palgrave Macmillan, vol. 21(1), pages 4-12, February.
    16. Huang, Wenli & Liu, Wenqiong & Lu, Lei & Mu, Congming, 2023. "Hedge funds trading strategies and leverage," Journal of Economic Dynamics and Control, Elsevier, vol. 149(C).
    17. Johan Knif & Dimitrios Koutmos & Gregory Koutmos, 2020. "Higher Co-Moment CAPM and Hedge Fund Returns," Atlantic Economic Journal, Springer;International Atlantic Economic Society, vol. 48(1), pages 99-113, March.
    18. Hackney, John & Henry, Tyler R. & Koski, Jennifer L., 2020. "Arbitrage vs. informed short selling: Evidence from convertible bond issuers," Journal of Corporate Finance, Elsevier, vol. 65(C).
    19. Siqiao Zhao & Dan Wang & Raphael Douady, 2024. "PolyModel for Hedge Funds' Portfolio Construction Using Machine Learning," Papers 2412.11019, arXiv.org.
    20. Ardia, David & Barras, Laurent & Gagliardini, Patrick & Scaillet, Olivier, 2024. "Is it alpha or beta? Decomposing hedge fund returns when models are misspecified," Journal of Financial Economics, Elsevier, vol. 154(C).
    21. Monica Billio & Lorenzo Frattarolo & Loriana Pelizzon, 2016. "Hedge Fund Tail Risk: An investigation in stressed markets, extended version with appendix," Working Papers 2016:01, Department of Economics, University of Venice "Ca' Foscari".
    22. Hirshleifer, David & Lo, Andrew W. & Zhang, Ruixun, 2023. "Social contagion and the survival of diverse investment styles," Journal of Economic Dynamics and Control, Elsevier, vol. 154(C).
    23. Gentner, Jessica, 2025. "The role of hedge funds in the Swiss franc foreign exchange market," Journal of International Money and Finance, Elsevier, vol. 154(C).
    24. Sandro Lunghi & Daniel Schmidt & Bastian von Beschwitz, 2021. "Fundamental Arbitrage under the Microscope: Evidence from Detailed Hedge Fund Transaction Data," Finance and Economics Discussion Series 2021-022, Board of Governors of the Federal Reserve System (U.S.).
    25. Tom Arnold & John H. Earl & Joseph Farizo & David North, 2024. "Endowment asset allocations: insights and strategies," Journal of Asset Management, Palgrave Macmillan, vol. 25(4), pages 349-368, July.

    More about this item

    Keywords

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    JEL classification:

    • G12 - Financial Economics - - General Financial Markets - - - Asset Pricing; Trading Volume; Bond Interest Rates

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