Agroforestería y bioeconomía circular para la transformación sostenible del Sistema Agroalimentario Venezolano (SAV)

This research is epistemically, conceptually, and methodologically grounded in the contributions of the Agroforestry and Circular Bioeconomy (CBE) framework, aimed at the sustainable transformation of the Venezuelan Agri-food System (VAS). The emphasis is placed on achieving a balance between overall productivity, economic resilience, socioecological resilience, and agro-environmental sustainability. The study explores the state of the art in agroforestry through a context-based or tailored approach, promoting practices, systems, technologies, and innovations that support a biodiverse, inclusive, efficient, resilient, and multifunctional VAS. These efforts contribute to food and nutritional security, climate change mitigation and adaptation, and the conservation and generation of eco-environmental goods and services. Methodologically, the CBE—conceived as a productive development model based on regenerative and restorative bioprocesses and the sustainable use of renewable biological resources (plants, animals, microorganisms)—is analyzed using Lewin’s force field model. This approach evaluates the network of actors, processes, and scales within the agri-food complex to foster conservation, valorization of agrobiodiversity, sustainable biomass utilization and transformation; integration of science, technology, innovation, artificial intelligence, and local knowledge; cascading value addition and circularity; social inclusion in rural territories and local communities through origin-based bioeconomic development; and the promotion of agro-environmental sustainability, bioeconomic and socioecological resilience, and equity. The research identifies a global framework for social, environmental, and economic governance directly linked to Agroforestry and CBE as potential support mechanisms for the sustainability of the VAS. In conclusion, three strategic action axes are proposed: i) the CBE perspective; ii) the perspective of cultural and territorial identity; and iii) the perspective of territorial governance and institutional transformation—aimed at integrating Agroforestry and CBE into a rural territorial development proposal.