Development of Sustainable Bioindustrial Agriculture Based on Crop-Livestock Integration to Achieve Food Security in Bengkulu Province, Indonesia

The agricultural sector in Bengkulu Province faces challenges such as low productivity and product quality, underutilization of agricultural and livestock waste, high dependency on external (chemical) inputs, and subsistence farming practices that neglect economies of scale. Additionally, agricultural resource degradation, climate uncertainty, and population growth threaten food security in the province. To address these issues, the government is promoting the implementation of sustainable bioindustrial agriculture. This study aims to evaluate the adoption level, income, and cost efficiency of sustainable bioindustrial agriculture based on rice and cattle integration to enhance food security in Bengkulu Province. The research was conducted in Seluma and Rejang Lebong districts, involving 200 farmers selected through Accidental Sampling. Data was collected through interviews, observations, focus group discussions, and literature review. Analysis methods included Likert scale analysis, income analysis, and the Stochastic Frontier production function. The findings indicate that the adoption level of bioindustrial agriculture is low, with a score of 48.68 percent. The average annual income from bio-industrial activities is IDR 43,543,099, with a cost efficiency rate of 87.92 percent. In bio-industrial agriculture, the only variable found to significantly impact inefficiency is the farmer’s age. Factors that significantly influence cost efficiency include income, seed prices, NPK fertilizer prices, and labor wages, while compost prices, calf prices, and feed prices do not have a significant effect on cost efficiency.