A klímaváltozás gazdasági hatásai a hazai agrár- és élelmiszeripari vállalatokra

The impacts of climate change on agricultural production are not only socially and environmentally significant, but also economically significant, as the consequences of climate change are noticeable – even in the short term – and particularly affect agricultural and food industry enterprises that are highly exposed to physical risks. The trends of climate change are clearly visible, but their extent largely depends on the level of emissions, so the effective preparation and adaptation of agricultural and food industry enterprises to climate change can be considered of strategic importance. Our research highlights that decision-makers in domestic agricultural and food industry enterprises are fundamentally aware of the challenges and risks posed by climate change, but there are still many shortcomings in the extent of adaptation and its implementation. The presence of climate-aware planning is positive and forward-looking, but the preparedness of the main economic actors is often insufficient. Based on the results of the study, it can be said that a significant part of domestic agribusinesses have difficulty dealing with unexpected obstacles, which can be partly attributed to the lack of information necessary for adaptation. The use of digital solutions and green technologies has not yet spread in Hungary, despite the fact that they can contribute to increasing productivity and resilience in addition to sustainability-related objectives. The willingness to act is particularly low among smaller farmers and sole proprietors, all of which can be explained by the scarcity of resources and the lack of policy support. The situation is therefore worrying, as those agribusinesses and food businesses that do not prepare for the challenges caused by climate change in a timely and appropriate manner may be at a serious competitive disadvantage – especially in international markets.