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Major Antifungals in Nutmeg Essential Oil against Aspergillus flavus and A. ochraceus

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  • Valente, Vania
  • Jham, Gulab
  • Jardim, Carolina
  • Dhingra, Onkar
  • Ghiviriga, Ion

Abstract

Aiming to substitute toxic synthetic fungicides, the activity of nutmeg (Myristica fragrans) essential oil (EO, obtained by hydrodistillation) was investigated against two important storage fungi-Aspergillus flavus A. ochraceus. The activity of crude nutmeg EO was investigated using poison food assay (PFA). At a concentration of 0.1%, the EO inhibited A. flavus and A. ochraceus growth by 43 and 65%, respectively. At a concentration of 0.3 %, A. flavus and A. ochraceus inhibitions were 84 and 79%, respectively. The crude nutmeg EO on fractionation by preparative TLC-bioautography presented one band from which two pure compounds were isolated by semi-preparative normal-phase high performance liquid chromatography. Myristicin and safrole were identified by nuclear magnetic resonance (1H and 13C) and gas chromatography-mass spectrometry. The relative % of myristicin and safrol in the crude EO was 10.8 and 2.9, respectively, determined by gas chromatography with a flame ionization detector. The crude EO, the isolated active fraction, isolated myristicin and standard myristicin presented similar activities against the two fungi at concentrations of 0.1 and 0.3% by PFA. Based on these results it is concluded that myristicin is the major antifungal in nutmeg EO against A. flavus and A. ochraceus.

Suggested Citation

  • Valente, Vania & Jham, Gulab & Jardim, Carolina & Dhingra, Onkar & Ghiviriga, Ion, 2014. "Major Antifungals in Nutmeg Essential Oil against Aspergillus flavus and A. ochraceus," Journal of Food Research, Canadian Center of Science and Education, vol. 4(1).
    • Handle: RePEc:ags:aesjfr:405223
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