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Health and Sociocultural Disparities by Sex Characteristics in Chile

Author

Listed:
  • Ercio Muñoz
  • Melanie Saavedra
  • Dario Sansone

Abstract

This study provides evidence on health and sociocultural disparities by sex characteristics using data from the 2022–2023 Chilean National Health, Sexuality, and Gender Survey, one of the first nationally representative surveys in the world to include self-identified intersex status. Intersex individuals report significantly higher rates of sexual abuse, anxiety, and suicidal ideation compared to endosex peers. Access to private health insurance is also significantly lower among intersex individuals. These disparities persist after adjusting for sexual orientation, gender identity, and sociodemographic factors. On the other hand, there are fewer differences by sex characteristics in religiosity and political affiliation.

Suggested Citation

  • Ercio Muñoz & Melanie Saavedra & Dario Sansone, 2026. "Health and Sociocultural Disparities by Sex Characteristics in Chile," AEA Papers and Proceedings, American Economic Association, vol. 116, pages 589-593, May.
    • Handle: RePEc:aea:apandp:v:116:y:2026:p:589-593
    DOI: 10.1257/pandp.20261055
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    More about this item

    JEL classification:

    • I12 - Health, Education, and Welfare - - Health - - - Health Behavior
    • I14 - Health, Education, and Welfare - - Health - - - Health and Inequality
    • J16 - Labor and Demographic Economics - - Demographic Economics - - - Economics of Gender; Non-labor Discrimination
    • O15 - Economic Development, Innovation, Technological Change, and Growth - - Economic Development - - - Economic Development: Human Resources; Human Development; Income Distribution; Migration
    • Z13 - Other Special Topics - - Cultural Economics - - - Economic Sociology; Economic Anthropology; Language; Social and Economic Stratification

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