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Spatial Assessment of Atmospheric Contamination and Urban Heat Phenomenon in Urban Centers of Sindh, Pakistan

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  • Zainy, Sheeba Afsar,Yasmeen Anis

    (Department of Geography, University of Karachi, Karachi-75270, Pakistan)

Abstract

Rapid urbanization and industrialization in Sindh, Pakistan, particularly in urban centers like Karachi, have led to significant challenges related to air pollution and climate change. This study uses Geographic Information Systems (GIS) to analyze air quality indices (AQI) in Sindh, focusing on particulate matter such as PM2.5. It offers a novel approach by visually mapping the spatial patterns and potential correlations between air pollution and temperature, a topic not extensively covered before. Through interpolation methods and temporal graphing of AQI values, the study identifies areas with high air pollution and examines their spatial distribution throughout the year. The comparison of PM2.5 concentrations with land surface temperature (LST) maps reveals patterns where higher pollution levels often align with urban centers, intensifying the urban heat island effect due to excess heat generated by human activities. Beyond impacting human health, air pollution affects ecosystems, soil, water, and biodiversity. The study highlights how areas with significant air pollution tend to have higher surface temperatures, indicating a direct link between pollution and temperature increases. However, the relationship is complex, as the effects of air pollution on climate are influenced by factors like geographic location, meteorological conditions, and pollutant composition. This research provides valuable insights into the spatial dynamics of atmospheric contamination and its implications for urban heat formation in Sindh, enhancing the understanding of how human activities, air quality, and climate change interact.

Suggested Citation

  • Zainy, Sheeba Afsar,Yasmeen Anis, 2024. "Spatial Assessment of Atmospheric Contamination and Urban Heat Phenomenon in Urban Centers of Sindh, Pakistan," International Journal of Innovations in Science & Technology, 50sea, vol. 6(6), pages 652-660, July.
    • Handle: RePEc:abq:ijist1:v:6:y:2024:i:6:p:652-660
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    1. Arshad, Salman & Ahmad, Sajid Rashid & Abbas, Sawaid & Asharf, Ather & Siddiqui, Nadia Asad & Islam, Zia ul, 2022. "Quantifying the contribution of diminishing green spaces and urban sprawl to urban heat island effect in a rapidly urbanizing metropolitan city of Pakistan," Land Use Policy, Elsevier, vol. 113(C).
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