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Evaluative Review of Muhammad Zarqa's Research قراءة تقويميّة في بحث أنس الزرقا

Author

Listed:
  • Burhan Al-Habib Al-Nafati

    (Professor, High Institute of Islamic Civilization, Ez-Zitouna University, Tunisia)

Abstract

This article is an evaluative review of Muhammad Anas Zarqa's conclusions regarding framed maxims derived from the exegesis of the Qur’ānic verse "Allah has permitted trade and forbidden ribā (usury)" [Al-Baqarah: 275] which he considers important to offer an economic interpretation to the verse. Dr. Zarqa believes that the reason why profit is permitted in exchanges that create debt is to determine the significant difference between the two transactions mentioned in the previous verse. This essay presents a refutation of the proposed maxim based on the imbalance of the continuity effect condition in some particulars, and the weakness of the methodology, even though its content may seem valid. This is so because the core subject of the rule can only be a whole that includes the unity of homogeneous particulars within the rule, so it cannot embody two subjects that produce two opposite rules. Therefore, it is necessary to establish two different maxims: one for the authorization of profit in debts, and the second for the factor that contributes significantly for prohibition of ‘return’ in the contract of ribā, without neglecting the philanthropic sector in balancing the two. هذا البحث قراءة فيما انتهى إليه محمد أنس الزرقا من صيغ معبّرة عن قاعدة يرى كونها حريّة بتفسير قوله تعالى ﴿...وَأَحَلَّ اللَّهُ الْبَيْعَ وَحَرَّمَ الرِّبَا...﴾ ] البقرة: 274[. تفسيرًا اقتصاديًّا. فهو يرى أنّ الوقوف على المعنى المعقول الموجب لجواز الاسترباح في المعاوضات المولّدة لدينٍ كافٍ في تبين الفرق المعتبر بين المعاملتين المذكورتين في الآية. وقد بيّن هذا التعقيب ما ينقض عرى القاعدة المقترحة بانخرام شرط اطراد مناطها في جملة من الجزئيات، بل تهافت المنهج المعوّل عليه في المعالجة حتى في صورة التّسليم بصحّة مضمونها، وذلك أنّ موضوع أيّ قاعدة لا يكون إلا كلّيًا تندرج تحته جزئيّات متجانسة تتّحد في الحكم. فلا يمكن أن يشتمل على كلّيين ينتج كلّ منهما حكمًا مخالفًا لحكم الثّاني، لذا وجب صوغ قاعدتين مختلفتين تعبّر إحداهما عن المناط المقتضي لجواز الاسترباح في المُداينات، والثانية عن المعنى المؤثر في منع أخذ الربح في الرّبا دون إهمال اعتبار القطاع الخيري إبان الموازنة بينهما.

Suggested Citation

  • Burhan Al-Habib Al-Nafati, 2022. "Evaluative Review of Muhammad Zarqa's Research قراءة تقويميّة في بحث أنس الزرقا," Journal of King Abdulaziz University: Islamic Economics, King Abdulaziz University, Islamic Economics Institute., vol. 35(3), pages 75-85, January.
  • Handle: RePEc:abd:kauiea:v:35:y:2022:i:3:no:5:p:75-85
    DOI: 10.4197/Islec.35-3.5
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    More about this item

    Keywords

    debt financing; economic base; profit; ribā التمويل بالمُداينات، قاعدة اقتصادية ، الاسترباح، الربا.;
    All these keywords.

    JEL classification:

    • G20 - Financial Economics - - Financial Institutions and Services - - - General
    • G21 - Financial Economics - - Financial Institutions and Services - - - Banks; Other Depository Institutions; Micro Finance Institutions; Mortgages
    • G29 - Financial Economics - - Financial Institutions and Services - - - Other

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