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Karrieren im Glaspalast: Weibliche Führungskräfte in europäischen Banken

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  • Quack, Sigrid

Abstract

In diesem Papier wird die geschlechtsspezifische Verteilung von Führungspositionen in europäischen Banken untersucht. Hierzu werden Ergebnisse einer europaweiten Befragung von Personalleiter/inne/n sowie weiblichen Führungskräften in den jeweils größten Banken der 15 EU-Mitgliedsstaaten zum Thema "Frauen in Führungspositionen" herangezogen. Die Daten zeigen seit Beginn der 90er Jahre einen moderaten Anstieg des Anteils von Frauen in Führungspositionen, wobei aber weiterhin eine breite Kluft zwischen dem Anteil an der Gesamtbelegschaft und ihrer Präsenz im Management besteht. Der Anteil weiblicher Führungskräfte in den höchsten Spitzenpositionen ist nach wie vor sehr gering. Aus dem vermehrten Eintritt von Frauen ins Management folgen also nicht zwangsläufig entsprechende Aufstiegsmöglichkeiten von Frauen innerhalb des Managements. Weiterhin wird die Bedeutung personaler, struktureller und kultureller Ursachenbündel für die anhaltende Unterrepräsentanz von Frauen im Management allgemein, und insbesondere in höheren Führungspositionen analysiert. Hierzu werden zum einen die Einschätzungen der Personalleiter/innen in Banken sowie der betroffenen Bankmanagerinnen herangezogen. Beide Seiten stimmen darin überein, daß mit dem Aufstieg innerhalb des Managements persönliche und familiäre Barrieren an Gewicht verlieren, während die Bedeutung von Ausschlußmechanismen zunimmt, die auf der strukturellen und kulturellen Ebene angesiedelt sind. Zum anderen geben die Karriereverläufe und beruflichen Erfahrungen der befragten Bankmanagerinnen Auskunft darüber, wie die Frauen mit Karrierehemmnissen umgehen und welche Faktoren sie als relevant für ihren beruflichen Erfolg ansehen. Die Studie schließt mit einer Betrachtung der Maßnahmen von Banken zur Verbesserung der Situation von Frauen in Führungspositionen. Die Befragung weist zwar auf eine wachsende Offenheit der Banken gegenüber allgemeinen Gleichstellungs- und Frauenförderprogrammen hin. Im Hinblick auf spezielle Fördermaßnahmen für weibliche Führungskräfte und gezielte Maßnahmen zum Abbau geschlechtsspezifischer Benachteiligungen im Management besteht hingegen noch deutlicher Nachholbedarf. Zur Überwindung der in der Studie identifizierten personalen, strukturellen und kulturellen Barrieren bedarf es über die individuelle Förderung von weiblichen Führungskräften hinaus einer stärkeren Verankerung der Gleichstellungspolitik im Rahmen strategischer Unternehmensziele sowie grundsätzlicher Veränderungen in der Unternehmenskultur, die sich bislang nur in den wenigsten Banken abzeichnen.

Suggested Citation

  • Quack, Sigrid, 1997. "Karrieren im Glaspalast: Weibliche Führungskräfte in europäischen Banken," Discussion Papers, Research Unit: Organization and Employment FS I 97-104, WZB Berlin Social Science Center.
  • Handle: RePEc:zbw:wzboem:fsi97104
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    1. Berthoin Antal, Ariane, 1988. "Mehr Frauen ins Management," EconStor Open Access Articles and Book Chapters, ZBW - Leibniz Information Centre for Economics, pages 153-174.
    2. Acker, Joan, 1994. "The gender regime of Swedish banks," Scandinavian Journal of Management, Elsevier, vol. 10(2), pages 117-130, June.
    3. Nicholson,Nigel & West,Michael, 1988. "Managerial Job Change," Cambridge Books, Cambridge University Press, number 9780521357449.
    4. Deborah Kerfoot & David Knights, 1993. "Management, Masculinity And Manipulation: From Paternalism To Corporate Strategy In Financial Services In Britain," Journal of Management Studies, Wiley Blackwell, vol. 30(4), pages 659-677, July.
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    1. Quack, Sigrid, 1998. "Reorganisation im Bankensektor: Neue Chancen für Frauen im Management," Discussion Papers, Research Unit: Organization and Employment FS I 98-104, WZB Berlin Social Science Center.

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