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Zur Wirkung des Ölpreisrückgangs auf den deutschen Außenhandel

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  • Plödt, Martin
  • Jannsen, Nils
  • Schwarzmüller, Tim

Abstract

Die Auswirkungen von Ölpreisänderungen auf die Konjunktur sind in einer Vielzahl von wissenschaftlichen Studien untersucht worden. Es ist allgemein anerkannt, dass lediglich angebotsbedingte Rückgänge des Ölpreises die Konjunktur (in ölimportierenden Volkswirtschaften) anregen. Gehen die Ölpreise z.B. infolge einer allgemeinen konjunkturellen Abschwächung nachfragebedingt zurück, wirken sie dieser Abschwächung zwar entgegen, insgesamt bleibt es jedoch bei Produktionseinbußen. In diesem Fall reagieren die Ölpreise endogen auf die allgemeinen konjunkturellen Rahmenbedingungen, liefern aber keine konjunkturellen Impulse. Maßgeblich für die Auswirkungen von Ölpreisänderungen ist ferner, wieviel Öl in Relation zum Bruttoinlandsprodukt in einer Volkswirtschaft eingesetzt wird. So dürfte der Rückgang der Bedeutung von Rohöl im Produktionsprozess eine wesentliche Ursache dafür sein, dass sich die Wirkung von Ölpreisänderungen auf die Konjunktur in den vergangenen Jahrzehnten offenbar abgeschwächt hat. Die Wirkungen von Ölpreisänderungen auf den Außenhandel sind bisher jedoch kaum in der wissenschaftlichen Literatur untersucht worden. Grundsätzlich dürften sich die realen Importe aus theoretischer Sicht in Folge eines angebotsbedingten Ölpreisrückgangs erhöhen, da sich die Nachfrage nach ausländischen Gütern mit der Belebung der Konjunktur und aufgrund des Kaufkraftgewinns durch die Verbesserung der Terms of Trade erhöht. Bei nachfragebedingten Ölpreisrückgängen dürften die Importe eher zurückgehen, da die mit der allgemeinen konjunkturellen Abschwächung einhergehende geringere Nachfrage nach ausländischen Gütern kaum durch die Verbesserung der Terms of Trade kompensiert werden dürfte.

Suggested Citation

  • Plödt, Martin & Jannsen, Nils & Schwarzmüller, Tim, 2015. "Zur Wirkung des Ölpreisrückgangs auf den deutschen Außenhandel," Kiel Insight 2015.6, Kiel Institute for the World Economy (IfW Kiel).
  • Handle: RePEc:zbw:ifwbox:20156
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    1. Christiane Baumeister & Gert Peersman & Ine Van Robays, 2010. "The Economic Consequences of Oil Shocks: Differences across Countries and Time," RBA Annual Conference Volume (Discontinued), in: Renée Fry & Callum Jones & Christopher Kent (ed.),Inflation in an Era of Relative Price Shocks, Reserve Bank of Australia.
    2. Lutz Kilian, 2009. "Not All Oil Price Shocks Are Alike: Disentangling Demand and Supply Shocks in the Crude Oil Market," American Economic Review, American Economic Association, vol. 99(3), pages 1053-1069, June.
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    1. Jannsen, Nils & Plödt, Martin, 2016. "Zu den Ursachen der jüngsten Ölpreisentwicklungen," Kiel Insight 2016.1, Kiel Institute for the World Economy (IfW Kiel).
    2. Gern, Klaus-Jürgen & Hauber, Philipp & Jannsen, Nils & Kooths, Stefan & Stolzenburg, Ulrich, 2015. "Weltkonjunktur im Winter 2015 - Weltkonjunktur nur allmählich mit höherer Dynamik [World Economy Winter 2015 - Stubborn weakness in the world economy]," Kieler Konjunkturberichte 13, Kiel Institute for the World Economy (IfW Kiel).
    3. Jannsen, Nils & Plödt, Martin, 2016. "Zur Wirkung von Ölpreisänderungen auf die deutsche Konjunktur," Kiel Insight 2016.8, Kiel Institute for the World Economy (IfW Kiel).
    4. Gern, Klaus-Jürgen & Hauber, Philipp & Jannsen, Nils & Kooths, Stefan & Plödt, Martin & Wolters, Maik H., 2016. "Weltkonjunktur im Frühjahr 2016 - Getrübte Aussichten für die Weltkonjunktur [World Economy Spring 2016 - Clouded outlook for the world economy]," Kieler Konjunkturberichte 15, Kiel Institute for the World Economy (IfW Kiel).

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