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Innovationspotentiale in Baden-Württemberg: Branchenspezifische Forschungs- und Entwicklungsaktivität, regionales Patentaufkommen und Beschäftigungsstruktur

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  • Christ, Julian P.
  • Rukwid, Ralf

Abstract

Aufgrund der bestehenden und sich weiter intensivierenden internationalen Konkurrenz in vielen Technologiebereichen und Branchen ist eine erhöhte Innovationsfähigkeit und Innovationstätigkeit als zentraler Erfolgsfaktor für die Unternehmen in Baden-Württemberg anzusehen. Im Rahmen des Forschungsprojekts Innovationspotentiale in Baden-Württemberg: Innovationsindikatoren und regionale Clusterbildung wurden verschiedene Fragestellungen aufgegriffen, die für die Analyse der baden-württembergischen Wirtschaft und die Darstellung der regionalen Innovationskraft und Innovationspotentiale von essentieller Bedeutung sind. Die strukturellen Besonderheiten der regionalen Beschäftigung und Humanressourcen gelten allgemein als erfolgskritisch für Forschung, Entwicklung, Invention und Innovation. In diesem Beitrag wird daher überprüft, inwieweit die baden-württembergische Beschäftigung auf bestimmte Technologiebereiche bzw. Wirtschaftszweige überdurchschnittlich spezialisiert ist. Für die Analyse der baden-württembergischen Innovationspotentiale werden, neben der regionalen Beschäftigungsstruktur nach Technologiebereichen, zudem die Humanressourcen in Wissenschaft und Technologie, wie auch das Qualifikations- bzw. Bildungsniveau, als besonders relevant eingestuft. Weiterhin gelten die Forschungs- und Entwicklungsaufwendungen, insbesondere die FuE-Aktivitäten des Wirtschaftssektors, als wesentlicher Träger und Garant wirtschaftlichen Erfolgs und zukünftiger Beschäftigungssicherung. Unterschiede in regionalen bzw. nationalen Forschungs- und Entwicklungsaktivitäten führen generell zu signifikanten Strukturunterschieden von Regionen bzw. Volkswirtschaften, welche sich mittel- bis langfristig in der Produktions- bzw. Wertschöpfungsstruktur, der Innovations- und Technologiestruktur sowie der Beschäftigungs- und Exportstruktur widerspiegeln. Es werden daher in diesem Beitrag die Forschungs- und Entwicklungsaktivitäten Baden-Württembergs, insbesondere mit Blick auf ausgesuchte Branchenaggregate und Technologiebereiche, genauer untersucht. Komplementär zu den Forschungs- und Entwicklungsaktivitäten, welche in der Literatur generell als Input-Indikatoren des Innovationsprozesses angesehen werden, stellen eingereichte Patentanmeldungen bzw. gewährte Patente den Output der Forschungs- und Entwicklungsaktivität dar. In dieser Studie werden, im Kontext Baden-Württembergs, gezielt ausgewählte Technologiebereiche genauer untersucht, welche dem Bereich Metall & Elektro und IKT (M&E-IKT-Aggregat) nahe stehen.

Suggested Citation

  • Christ, Julian P. & Rukwid, Ralf, 2012. "Innovationspotentiale in Baden-Württemberg: Branchenspezifische Forschungs- und Entwicklungsaktivität, regionales Patentaufkommen und Beschäftigungsstruktur," FZID Discussion Papers 46-2012, University of Hohenheim, Center for Research on Innovation and Services (FZID).
  • Handle: RePEc:zbw:fziddp:462012
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    1. Grupp, Hariolf, 1994. "The measurement of technical performance of innovations by technometrics and its impact on established technology indicators," Research Policy, Elsevier, vol. 23(2), pages 175-193, March.
    2. Blind, Knut & Edler, Jakob & Frietsch, Rainer & Schmoch, Ulrich, 2006. "Motives to patent: Empirical evidence from Germany," Research Policy, Elsevier, vol. 35(5), pages 655-672, June.
    3. Keld Laursen, 1998. "Revealed Comparative Advantage and the Alternatives as Measures of International Specialisation," DRUID Working Papers 98-30, DRUID, Copenhagen Business School, Department of Industrial Economics and Strategy/Aalborg University, Department of Business Studies.
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    1. Rukwid, Ralf & Christ, Julian P., 2012. "Innovationspotentiale in Baden-Württemberg: Produktionscluster im Bereich "Metall, Elektro, IKT" und regionale Verfügbarkeit akademischer Fachkräfte in den MINT -Fächern," FZID Discussion Papers 45-2012, University of Hohenheim, Center for Research on Innovation and Services (FZID).

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    More about this item

    Keywords

    Beschäftigungsstruktur; branchenspezifische FuE-Aktivität; Patentanmeldungen; Technologiespezialisierung; Baden-Württemberg;
    All these keywords.

    JEL classification:

    • J21 - Labor and Demographic Economics - - Demand and Supply of Labor - - - Labor Force and Employment, Size, and Structure
    • J24 - Labor and Demographic Economics - - Demand and Supply of Labor - - - Human Capital; Skills; Occupational Choice; Labor Productivity
    • J44 - Labor and Demographic Economics - - Particular Labor Markets - - - Professional Labor Markets and Occupations
    • L6 - Industrial Organization - - Industry Studies: Manufacturing
    • O14 - Economic Development, Innovation, Technological Change, and Growth - - Economic Development - - - Industrialization; Manufacturing and Service Industries; Choice of Technology
    • O18 - Economic Development, Innovation, Technological Change, and Growth - - Economic Development - - - Urban, Rural, Regional, and Transportation Analysis; Housing; Infrastructure
    • O3 - Economic Development, Innovation, Technological Change, and Growth - - Innovation; Research and Development; Technological Change; Intellectual Property Rights
    • R12 - Urban, Rural, Regional, Real Estate, and Transportation Economics - - General Regional Economics - - - Size and Spatial Distributions of Regional Economic Activity; Interregional Trade (economic geography)
    • R58 - Urban, Rural, Regional, Real Estate, and Transportation Economics - - Regional Government Analysis - - - Regional Development Planning and Policy

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