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Gendered Prices

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Abstract

We provide evidence that culture is a source of pricing bias. In a sample of 1.9 million auction transactions in 49 countries, paintings by female artists sell at an unconditional discount of 42.1%. The gender discount increases with measures of country-level gender inequality—even in artist fixed effects regressions. Our results are robust to accounting for potential gender differences in art characteristics and their liquidity. Evidence from two experiments supports the argument that women’s art may sell for less because it is made by women. However, the gender discount reduces over time as gender equality increases.

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  • Renée B Adams & Roman Kräussl & Marco Navone & Patrick Verwijmeren, 2021. "Gendered Prices," Published Paper Series 2021-4, Finance Discipline Group, UTS Business School, University of Technology, Sydney.
    • Handle: RePEc:uts:ppaper:2021-4
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    Cited by:

    1. Li, Yuexin & Ma, X. & Renneboog, Luc, 2021. "In Art We Trust," Discussion Paper 2021-016, Tilburg University, Center for Economic Research.
    2. William N Goetzmann & Christophe Spaenjers & Stijn Van Nieuwerburgh, 2021. "Real and Private-Value Assets [Gendered prices]," The Review of Financial Studies, Society for Financial Studies, vol. 34(8), pages 3497-3526.
    3. Huang, Ying Sophie & Jensen, Tyler K. & Jorgensen, Randy D. & Taylor, Regina M., 2021. "Do ethical perceptions help explain under-representation of women in investment management? A comparison of students from the U.S. and China," Pacific-Basin Finance Journal, Elsevier, vol. 70(C).
    4. Stephen Sheppard, 2021. "Image Content, Complexity, and the Market Value of Art," Department of Economics Working Papers 2021-08, Department of Economics, Williams College.
    5. Abigail LeBlanc & Stephen Sheppard, 2022. "Women artists: gender, ethnicity, origin and contemporary prices," Journal of Cultural Economics, Springer;The Association for Cultural Economics International, vol. 46(3), pages 439-481, September.
    6. Fridgen, Gilbert & Kräussl, Roman & Papageorgiou, Orestis & Tugnetti, Alessandro, 2023. "The fundamental value of art NFTs," CFS Working Paper Series 709, Center for Financial Studies (CFS).

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    More about this item

    JEL classification:

    • D44 - Microeconomics - - Market Structure, Pricing, and Design - - - Auctions
    • J16 - Labor and Demographic Economics - - Demographic Economics - - - Economics of Gender; Non-labor Discrimination
    • Z11 - Other Special Topics - - Cultural Economics - - - Economics of the Arts and Literature

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