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Optimal Linear Filtering, Smoothing and Trend Extraction for Processes with Unit Roots and Cointegration

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  • Dimitrios Thomakos

Abstract

In this paper I propose a novel optimal linear filter for smoothing, trend and signal extraction for time series with a unit root. The filter is based on the Singular Spectrum Analysis (SSA) methodology, takes the form of a particular moving average and is different from other linear filters that have been used in the existing literature. To best of my knowledge this is the first time that moving average smoothing is given an optimality justification for use with unit root processes. The frequency response function of the filter is examined and a new method for selecting the degree of smoothing is suggested. I also show that the filter can be used for successfully extracting a unit root signal from stationary noise. The proposed methodology can be extended to also deal with two cointegrated series and I show how to estimate the cointegrating coefficient using SSA and how to extract the common stochastic trend component. A simulation study explores some of the characteristics of the filter for signal extraction, trend prediction and cointegration estimation for univariate and bivariate series. The practical usefulness of the method is illustrated using data for the US real GDP and two financial time series.

Suggested Citation

  • Dimitrios Thomakos, 2008. "Optimal Linear Filtering, Smoothing and Trend Extraction for Processes with Unit Roots and Cointegration," Working Papers 0024, University of Peloponnese, Department of Economics.
    • Handle: RePEc:uop:wpaper:0024
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    1. Marianne Baxter & Robert G. King, 1999. "Measuring Business Cycles: Approximate Band-Pass Filters For Economic Time Series," The Review of Economics and Statistics, MIT Press, vol. 81(4), pages 575-593, November.
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    Cited by:

    1. Theodore Alexandrov & Silvia Bianconcini & Estela Bee Dagum & Peter Maass & Tucker S. McElroy, 2012. "A Review of Some Modern Approaches to the Problem of Trend Extraction," Econometric Reviews, Taylor & Francis Journals, vol. 31(6), pages 593-624, November.
    2. Papailias, Fotis & Liu, Jiadong & Thomakos, Dimitrios D., 2019. "Return Signal Momentum," QBS Working Paper Series 2019/04, Queen's University Belfast, Queen's Business School.
    3. D.S. Poskitt, 2016. "Singular Spectrum Analysis of Grenander Processes and Sequential Time Series Reconstruction," Monash Econometrics and Business Statistics Working Papers 15/16, Monash University, Department of Econometrics and Business Statistics.
    4. Papailias, Fotis & Liu, Jiadong & Thomakos, Dimitrios D., 2021. "Return signal momentum," Journal of Banking & Finance, Elsevier, vol. 124(C).
    5. Khan, M. Atikur Rahman & Poskitt, D.S., 2017. "Forecasting stochastic processes using singular spectrum analysis: Aspects of the theory and application," International Journal of Forecasting, Elsevier, vol. 33(1), pages 199-213.

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    Keywords

    cointegration; forecasting; linear filtering; singular spectrum analysis; smoothing; trend extraction and prediction; unit root.;
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