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Nicaragua: A la búsqueda del crecimiento perdido

Author

Listed:
  • Manuel Agosin Trumper
  • Rodrigo Bolaños
  • Félix Delgado

Abstract

Nicaragua tuvo un desastre de desarrollo durante el período de guerra civil e indefinición de sistema económico que, a grosso modo, corresponde al período de 1978 a 1993. Sin embargo, la recuperación posterior ha sido muy modesta y el país aún tiene un PIB per capita bastante inferior (en términos reales) al alcanzado en 1977. Este estudio indaga cuáles han sido las mayores restricciones al crecimiento de Nicaragua desde 1994. Las dos restricciones a la inversión privada más importantes dicen relación con el marco institucional (en particular, la indefinición de los derechos de propiedad, la corrupción, y la escasa eficiencia del sector público) y con la falta de infraestructura adecuada al crecimiento, en un marco macroeconómico con vulnerabilidades que emanan de la dependencia de los recursos externos concesionales. Usamos el término infraestructura tanto en su acepción tradicional (caminos, puertos, aeropuertos) como de manera más genérica: las instituciones necesarias para que sectores específicos puedan desarrollarse. Es altamente probable que la potencialidad de crecimiento de Nicaragua esté en la diversificación de su producción agrícola y agroindustrial, sector donde ya han surgido una serie de nuevos productos de exportación en pequeña escala. El problema que enfrentan empresarios innovadores en este sector es la escasez de bienes públicos sectoriales, que incluyen la indefinición de los derechos de propiedad en el campo, la baja calidad de la infraestructura, la ausencia de instituciones públicas que avalen y protejan la trazabilidad de los alimentos, la insuficiencia de los servicios de comercialización y la escasez de crédito productivo para nuevos emprendimientos.

Suggested Citation

  • Manuel Agosin Trumper & Rodrigo Bolaños & Félix Delgado, 2008. "Nicaragua: A la búsqueda del crecimiento perdido," Working Papers wp275, University of Chile, Department of Economics.
  • Handle: RePEc:udc:wpaper:wp275
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    1. Murillo, Maria Victoria & Scartascini, Carlos & Tommasi, Mariano, 2008. "The Political Economy of Productivity: Actors, Arenas, and Policies. A Framework of Analysis," IDB Publications (Working Papers) 1642, Inter-American Development Bank.
    2. Garcia-Fuentes, Pablo A. & Fukasawa, Fukasawa & Rodriguez Martinez, Edgar A. & Vargas, Conney & Mireles, Rodrigo, 2018. "Oxen, Agricultural Productivity and Farm Income in Nicaragua," 2018 Annual Meeting, February 2-6, 2018, Jacksonville, Florida 266599, Southern Agricultural Economics Association.

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