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Housing and Discrimination in Economics: an Empirical Approach using Big Data and Natural Experiments

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  • Jean-Benoît Eymeoud

    (Département d'économie)

Abstract

Le premier chapitre documente un paramètre clé pour comprendre le marché du logement : l'élasticité de l'offre de logements des aires urbaines françaises. Nous montrons que cette élasticité peut être appréhendée de deux manières en considérant l’offre intensive et extensive de logements. Grâce à une quantité importante de nouvelles données collectées et une stratégie d'estimation originale, ce premier chapitre estime et décompose les deux élasticités. Le deuxième chapitre est consacré aux possibilités offertes par le Big Data pour étudier le marché de logement locatif français. En exploitant des données en ligne de décembre 2015 à juin 2017 et comparant ces données aux données administratives classiques, nous montons qu’internet fournit des données permettant de suivre avec exactitude les marchés immobiliers locaux. Le troisième chapitre porte sur la discrimination des femmes en politique. Il exploite une expérience naturelle, les élections départementales françaises de 2015 au cours desquelles, pour la première fois dans l'histoire des élections françaises, les candidats ont dû se présenter par paires de candidats obligatoirement mixtes. En utilisant le fait que l'ordre d'apparition des candidats sur un bulletin de vote était déterminé par l’ordre alphabétique et en montrant que cette règle ne semble pas avoir été utilisée de façon stratégique par les partis, nous montrons d’une part que la position des femmes sur le bulletin de vote est aléatoire, et d’autre part, que les binômes de droite pour qui le nom du candidat féminin est en première position sur le bulletin reçoivent en moyenne 1,5 point de pourcentage de moins de votes

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  • Jean-Benoît Eymeoud, 2018. "Housing and Discrimination in Economics: an Empirical Approach using Big Data and Natural Experiments," Sciences Po publications info:hdl:2441/3f39ik5s3j8, Sciences Po.
    • Handle: RePEc:spo:wpmain:info:hdl:2441/3f39ik5s3j8qapmbpohu7nct0i
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