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Les prêts à remboursement contingent dans le supérieur : plus redistributifs que l'impôt ?: Une perspective de cycle de vie

Author

Listed:
  • Guillaume Allegre

    (Observatoire français des conjonctures économiques)

  • Xavier Timbeau

    (Observatoire français des conjonctures économiques)

Abstract

Cet article a pour objet d’analyser, par un exercice de microsimulation dynamique, les transferts induits par un financement d’une partie des coûts de l’enseignement supérieur par des systèmes de prêt à remboursement contingent (PARC) plutôt que par l’impôt sur le revenu des ménages (IR, CSG) ou par des droits d’inscription couplés à des prêts étudiants classiques. Le calcul de la progressivité du financement se fait dans une perspective de cycle de vie, c’est-à-dire qu’il s’appuie sur l’ensemble du revenu des individus pendant leur vie active et non pas seulement sur leur revenu courant. Le modèle de carrière salariale repose sur l’estimation de trois équations : une équation d’activité, une équation d’emploi pour les actifs et une équation de revenu salarial annuel pour les personnes en emploi. Par rapport à la littérature existante, nous prenons en compte la mise en commun des ressources au niveau familial. Côté financement, nous simulons un impôt sur le revenu proportionnel de type CSG, un impôt sur le revenu progressif et familialisé (IR), un système de PARC et un système de prêt étudiant ordinaire. Nous montrons que les systèmes de PARC ne sont pas plus progressifs en cycle de vie qu’un financement par l’impôt sur le revenu. Malgré tout, ces systèmes ont une progressivité relativement élevée : dans notre simulation, ils l’emportent sur un mix IR-CSG.

Suggested Citation

  • Guillaume Allegre & Xavier Timbeau, 2016. "Les prêts à remboursement contingent dans le supérieur : plus redistributifs que l'impôt ?: Une perspective de cycle de vie," Sciences Po publications info:hdl:2441/245oodjq039, Sciences Po.
  • Handle: RePEc:spo:wpmain:info:hdl:2441/245oodjq039dtrlsojteli5g0l
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    1. Nicholas Barr, 2004. "Higher Education Funding," Oxford Review of Economic Policy, Oxford University Press and Oxford Review of Economic Policy Limited, vol. 20(2), pages 264-283, Summer.
    2. Barr, Nicholas, 2004. "Higher education funding," LSE Research Online Documents on Economics 288, London School of Economics and Political Science, LSE Library.
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    More about this item

    Keywords

    Financement enseignement supérieur; Fiscalité;

    JEL classification:

    • D31 - Microeconomics - - Distribution - - - Personal Income and Wealth Distribution
    • J22 - Labor and Demographic Economics - - Demand and Supply of Labor - - - Time Allocation and Labor Supply
    • D91 - Microeconomics - - Micro-Based Behavioral Economics - - - Role and Effects of Psychological, Emotional, Social, and Cognitive Factors on Decision Making

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