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IPO Underpricing, Wealth Losses and the Curious Role of Venture Capitalists in the Creation of Public Companies

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Author Info
Alexander Ljungqvist

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Abstract

Lower underpricing amongst venture-backed IPOs has been attributed to a certification role for venture capitalists. We argue that differences in underpricing per se are uninformative and possibly misleading when not controlling for differences in entrepreneurs’ incentives to control underpricing. Using 1980s and 1990s data, we show that entrepreneurs’ wealth losses, a more suitable measure than underpricing, are unaffected by the presence of venture backers. Thus, we find no evidence of venture certification as far as IPO pricing is concerned. We also find possible evidence of a conflict of interest between venture backers and entrepreneurs which could explain why more prestigious underwriters in the 1990s are associated with higher underpricing.

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Paper provided by Oxford Financial Research Centre in its series OFRC Working Papers Series with number 1999fe04.

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Date of creation: 1999
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Handle: RePEc:sbs:wpsefe:1999fe04

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Web page: http://www.finance.ox.ac.uk
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Please report citation or reference errors to , or , if you are the registered author of the cited work, log in to your RePEc Author Service profile, click on "citations" and make appropriate adjustments.:

  1. Titman, Sheridan & Trueman, Brett, 1986. "Information quality and the valuation of new issues," Journal of Accounting and Economics, Elsevier, vol. 8(2), pages 159-172, June. [Downloadable!] (restricted)
  2. Brav, Alon & Gompers, Paul A, 1997. " Myth or Reality? The Long-Run Underperformance of Initial Public Offerings: Evidence from Venture and Nonventure Capital-Backed Companies," Journal of Finance, American Finance Association, vol. 52(5), pages 1791-1821, December. [Downloadable!] (restricted)
  3. Megginson, William L & Weiss, Kathleen A, 1991. " Venture Capitalist Certification in Initial Public Offerings," Journal of Finance, American Finance Association, vol. 46(3), pages 879-903, July. [Downloadable!] (restricted)
  4. Lin, Timothy H. & Smith, Richard L., 1998. "Insider reputation and selling decisions: the unwinding of venture capital investments during equity IPOs," Journal of Corporate Finance, Elsevier, vol. 4(3), pages 241-263, September. [Downloadable!] (restricted)
  5. Rock, Kevin, 1986. "Why new issues are underpriced," Journal of Financial Economics, Elsevier, vol. 15(1-2), pages 187-212. [Downloadable!] (restricted)
  6. Welch, Ivo, 1989. " Seasoned Offerings, Imitation Costs, and the Underpricing of Initial Public Offerings," Journal of Finance, American Finance Association, vol. 44(2), pages 421-49, June. [Downloadable!] (restricted)
  7. Habib, Michel A & Ljungqvist, Alexander P, 2001. "Underpricing and Entrepreneurial Wealth Losses in IPOs: Theory and Evidence," Review of Financial Studies, Oxford University Press for Society for Financial Studies, vol. 14(2), pages 433-58.
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  8. Carter, Richard B & Manaster, Steven, 1990. " Initial Public Offerings and Underwriter Reputation," Journal of Finance, American Finance Association, vol. 45(4), pages 1045-67, September. [Downloadable!] (restricted)
  9. Hsuan-Chi Chen & Jay R. Ritter, 2000. "The Seven Percent Solution," Journal of Finance, American Finance Association, vol. 55(3), pages 1105-1131, 06. [Downloadable!] (restricted)
  10. Ritter, Jay R., 1987. "The costs of going public," Journal of Financial Economics, Elsevier, vol. 19(2), pages 269-281, December. [Downloadable!] (restricted)
  11. Ritter, Jay R, 1991. " The Long-run Performance of Initial Public Offerings," Journal of Finance, American Finance Association, vol. 46(1), pages 3-27, March. [Downloadable!] (restricted)
  12. Yasushi Hamao & Frank Packer & Jay Ritter, 1998. "Institutional affiliation and the role of venture capital: evidence from initial public offerings in Japan," Research Paper 9807, Federal Reserve Bank of New York. [Downloadable!]
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  13. Chris Muscarella & Michael Vetsuypens, 1989. "The British Petroleum Stock Offering: An Application Of Option Pricing," Journal of Applied Corporate Finance, Morgan Stanley, vol. 1(4), pages 74-80. [Downloadable!] (restricted)
  14. White, Halbert, 1980. "A Heteroskedasticity-Consistent Covariance Matrix Estimator and a Direct Test for Heteroskedasticity," Econometrica, Econometric Society, vol. 48(4), pages 817-38, May. [Downloadable!] (restricted)
  15. Beatty, Randolph P & Welch, Ivo, 1996. "Issuer Expenses and Legal Liability in Initial Public Offerings," Journal of Law & Economics, University of Chicago Press, vol. 39(2), pages 545-602, October.
  16. Gompers, Paul A., 1996. "Grandstanding in the venture capital industry," Journal of Financial Economics, Elsevier, vol. 42(1), pages 133-156, September. [Downloadable!] (restricted)
  17. Benveniste, Lawrence M. & Spindt, Paul A., 1989. "How investment bankers determine the offer price and allocation of new issues," Journal of Financial Economics, Elsevier, vol. 24(2), pages 343-361. [Downloadable!] (restricted)
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Cited by:
(explanations, Please report citation or reference errors to , or , if you are the registered author of the cited work, log in to your RePEc Author Service profile, click on "citations" and make appropriate adjustments.)

  1. Schertler, Andrea, 2002. "The Certification Role of Private Equity Investors: Evidence from Initial Public Offerings on the Nouveau Marché and the Neuer Markt," EIFC - Technology and Finance Working Papers 10, United Nations University, Institute for New Technologies. [Downloadable!]
    Other versions:
  2. Maher Kooli & Jean-Marc Suret, 2001. "The Underpricing of Initial Public Offerings: Further Canadian Evidence," CIRANO Working Papers 2001s-50, CIRANO. [Downloadable!]
  3. Jyrki Ali-Yrkkö & Ari Hyytinen & Johanna Liukkonen, 2001. "Exiting Venture Capital Investments: Lessons from Finland," Discussion Papers 781, The Research Institute of the Finnish Economy. [Downloadable!]
  4. Schertler, Andrea, 2002. "The Determinants of Underpricing: Initial Public Offerings on the Neuer Markt and the Nouveau Marché," EIFC - Technology and Finance Working Papers 12, United Nations University, Institute for New Technologies. [Downloadable!]
    Other versions:
  5. Dimitris Kenourgios & Spyros Papathanasiou & Emmanouil Rafail Melas, 2005. "Initial Performance of Greek IPOs, Underwriter’s Reputation and Oversubscription," Finance 0512023, EconWPA. [Downloadable!]
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