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Skills at Work: How Skills and their Use Matter in the Labour Market

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  • Glenda Quintini

    (OECD)

Abstract

Human capital is key for economic growth. Not only is it linked to aggregate economic performance but also to each individual’s labour market outcomes. However, a skilled population is not enough to achieve high and inclusive growth, as skills need to be put into productive use at work. Thanks to the availability of measures of both the proficiency and the use of numerous types of skills, the Survey of Adult Skills offers a unique opportunity to advance knowledge in this area and this paper presents and discusses evidence on both these dimensions with a particular focus on their implications for labour market policy. This paper explores the role played in the labour market by skill proficiency in the areas of literacy, numeracy and problem solving in technology-rich environments. It also shows how skills use, not only proficiency, affects a number of key labour market phenomena, such as the gender wage gap. Finally, the paper combines information on skill proficiency, educational attainment, skill use and qualification requirements to construct indicators of qualification and skills mismatch and to explore their causes and consequences. Le capital humain est fondamental pour la croissance économique. Non seulement, il est lié à la performance économique à niveau agrégé mais il contribue aussi à la réussite individuelle sur le marché du travail. Toutefois, une population aux compétences élevées ne suffit pas pour obtenir une croissance soutenue et équitable, car les compétences doivent être utilisées de façon productive au travail. Grâce à la disponibilité de données sur les compétences dans plusieurs domaines et leurs utilisation au travail, l’Enquête sur les Compétences des Adultes (PIAAC) offre une opportunité unique d’améliorer les connaissances à ce sujet. Ce papier présente et discute ces deux dimensions en prêtant une attention particulière aux implication pour les politiques du marché du travail. Il analyse le rôle que les compétences en littératie, numératie et résolution de problème dans un environnement riche en technologie jouent sur le marché du travail. Il montre aussi comment l’utilisation de ces compétences, et non seulement leur niveau, impacte sur un nombre important de phénomènes du marché du travail, comme par exemple la différence entre la rémunération des femmes et des hommes. Pour conclure, ce papier joint l’information concernant les compétences en littératie et numératie et leur utilisation au travail ainsi que le niveau d’éducation des travailleurs et celui demandé dans leurs postes pour dériver des indicateurs d’apparemment entre l’offre et la demande de compétences et qualifications et en analyser les causes et les conséquences.

Suggested Citation

  • Glenda Quintini, 2014. "Skills at Work: How Skills and their Use Matter in the Labour Market," OECD Social, Employment and Migration Working Papers 158, OECD Publishing.
  • Handle: RePEc:oec:elsaab:158-en
    DOI: 10.1787/5jz44fdfjm7j-en
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    Citations

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    Cited by:

    1. Tommaso AGASISTI & Geraint JOHNES & Marco PACCAGNELLA, 2021. "Tasks, occupations and wages in OECD countries," International Labour Review, International Labour Organization, vol. 160(1), pages 85-112, March.
    2. Lupsa Florentina, 2014. "Migration And Political Asylum," Annals - Economy Series, Constantin Brancusi University, Faculty of Economics, vol. 6, pages 161-164, December.
    3. Lucía Mateos Romero & María del Mar Salinas Jiménez, 2016. "El uso de las competencias en el puesto de trabajo: un análisis para el caso español con PIAAC," Investigaciones de Economía de la Educación volume 11, in: José Manuel Cordero Ferrera & Rosa Simancas Rodríguez (ed.), Investigaciones de Economía de la Educación 11, edition 1, volume 11, chapter 44, pages 795-822, Asociación de Economía de la Educación.
    4. Martin, John P., 2018. "Skills for the 21st Century: Findings and Policy Lessons from the OECD Survey of Adult Skills," IZA Policy Papers 138, Institute of Labor Economics (IZA).
    5. Dominic Richardson & Zlata Bruckauf & Emilia Toczydlowska & Yekaterina Chzhen, 2017. "Comparing Child-focused SDGs in High-income Countries: Indicator development and overview," Papers inwopa902, Innocenti Working Papers.
    6. Handel, Michael J., 2020. "Job Skill Requirements: Levels and Trends," MPRA Paper 100590, University Library of Munich, Germany.
    7. Borgonovi, Francesca & Choi, Alvaro & Paccagnella, Marco, 2021. "The evolution of gender gaps in numeracy and literacy between childhood and young adulthood," Economics of Education Review, Elsevier, vol. 82(C).
    8. Žilvinas Martinaitis & Aleksandr Christenko & Jonas AntanaviÄ ius, 2021. "Upskilling, Deskilling or Polarisation? Evidence on Change in Skills in Europe," Work, Employment & Society, British Sociological Association, vol. 35(3), pages 451-469, June.
    9. Liu, Huacong & Fernandez, Frank & Dutz, Gregor, 2022. "Educational attainment, use of numeracy at work, and gender wage gaps: Evidence from 12 middle-income countries," International Journal of Educational Development, Elsevier, vol. 92(C).
    10. Olga Kupets, 2015. "Education in transition and job mismatch: Evidence from the skills survey in non-EU transition economies," KIER Working Papers 915, Kyoto University, Institute of Economic Research.
    11. Kouadio Clément KOUAKOU & Andoh Régis Vianney YAPO, 2019. "Mesures et déterminants de l’inadéquation compétences-emploi en Côte d’Ivoire," Working Paper 95840cf0-b39b-45ab-9108-d, Agence française de développement.

    More about this item

    JEL classification:

    • I25 - Health, Education, and Welfare - - Education - - - Education and Economic Development
    • J08 - Labor and Demographic Economics - - General - - - Labor Economics Policies
    • J21 - Labor and Demographic Economics - - Demand and Supply of Labor - - - Labor Force and Employment, Size, and Structure
    • J24 - Labor and Demographic Economics - - Demand and Supply of Labor - - - Human Capital; Skills; Occupational Choice; Labor Productivity
    • J31 - Labor and Demographic Economics - - Wages, Compensation, and Labor Costs - - - Wage Level and Structure; Wage Differentials

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