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Do Financial Incentives Encourage Welfare Recipients to Work? Evidence from a Randomized Evaluation of the Self-Sufficiency Project

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David Card
Philip K. Robins

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Abstract

This paper reports on a randomized evaluation of an earnings subsidy offered to long-term welfare recipients in Canada. The program -- known as the Self-Sufficiency Project (SSP) -- provides a supplement equal to one-half of the difference between a target earnings level and a participant's actual earnings. The SSP supplement is similar to a negative income tax with two important differences: (1) eligibility is limited to long-term welfare recipients who find a full-time job; and (2) the payment depends on individual earnings rather than family income. Our evaluation is based on a classical randomized design: one half of a group of single parents who had been on welfare for over a year were eligible to receive the SSP supplement, while the other half were assigned to a control group. Results for an early cohort of SSP participants and controls suggest that the financial incentives of the Self-Sufficiency Program increase labor market attachment and reduce welfare participation.

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Paper provided by National Bureau of Economic Research, Inc in its series NBER Working Papers with number 5701.

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Date of creation: Aug 1996
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Handle: RePEc:nbr:nberwo:5701

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Find related papers by JEL classification:
I3 - Health, Education, and Welfare - - Welfare and Poverty

References listed on IDEAS
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  1. Lemieux, Thomas & Fortin, Bernard & Frechette, Pierre, 1994. "The Effect of Taxes on Labor Supply in the Underground Economy," American Economic Review, American Economic Association, vol. 84(1), pages 231-54, March. [Downloadable!] (restricted)
  2. Rebecca M. Blank & Maria J. Hanratty, 1993. "Responding to Need: A Comparison of Social Safety Nets in Canada and the United States," NBER Chapters, in: Small Differences That Matter: Labor Markets and Income Maintenance in Canada and the United States, pages 191-232 National Bureau of Economic Research, Inc. [Downloadable!]
  3. Moffitt, Robert, 1983. "An Economic Model of Welfare Stigma," American Economic Review, American Economic Association, vol. 73(5), pages 1023-35, December. [Downloadable!] (restricted)
  4. Kesselman, J.R. & Riddell, W.C., 1991. "Assessment of Alternative Subsidy Treatments for the EIC Self-Sufficiency Project," Papers r-95-5, Gouvernement du Canada - Human Resources Development.
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Cited by:
(explanations, Please report citation or reference errors to , or , if you are the registered author of the cited work, log in to your RePEc Author Service profile, click on "citations" and make appropriate adjustments.)

  1. Haan, Peter & Prowse, Victoria L. & Uhlendorff, Arne, 2008. "Employment Effects of Welfare Reforms: Evidence from a Dynamic Structural Life-Cycle Model," IZA Discussion Papers 3480, Institute for the Study of Labor (IZA). [Downloadable!]
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  2. Stepan Jurajda & Daniel Münich, 2002. "Understanding Czech Long-Term Unemployment," William Davidson Institute Working Papers Series 498, William Davidson Institute at the University of Michigan Stephen M. Ross Business School. [Downloadable!]
  3. Philip K. Robins & Charles Michalopoulos, 2001. "Using financial incentives to encourage welfare recipients to become economically self-sufficient," Economic Policy Review, Federal Reserve Bank of New York, issue Sep, pages 105-123. [Downloadable!]
  4. Emmanuel Saez, 2000. "Optimal Income Transfer Programs: Intensive Versus Extensive Labor Supply Responses," NBER Working Papers 7708, National Bureau of Economic Research, Inc. [Downloadable!] (restricted)
    Other versions:
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