Ce papier analyse empiriquement les conséquences du retour du marché en Pologne sur le niveau des inégalités régionales et sur le degré de polarisation. On observe un accroissement des disparités interrégionales et un processus de re-polarisation qui ne résultent pas d'une ré-allocation spatiale de la main-d'œuvre mais d'une ré-allocation sectorielle variable entre les régions. La recherche d'économies d'agglomération explique la concentration spatiale des activités tertiaires et de la valeur ajoutée dans les régions où sont localisées les principaux centres urbains. Il existe donc des processus cumulatifs d'agglomération. Ainsi, les avantages comparatifs initiaux en facteur travail et la plus grande diversité sectorielle des régions apparaissent comme les gages d'une adaptation plus rapide aux exigences du marché. Les tendances à la re-polarisation sont toutefois freinées par certaines rigidités du marché du travail, notamment en termes de mobilité. / This article evaluates empirically the effect of market introduction on the level of regional inequalities and on the polarisation of economic activities in Poland. We note an increase of the disparities between regions over the relevant period. The re-polarisation process cannot been explained by a spatial re-allocation of labour force but rather results of the differentiation of sectoral restructuring between regions the regional diversity of sectoral adaptation. The search for agglomeration economies explains the spatial concentration of services and of added value in the regions where the biggest cities are located. A cumulative process of agglomeration is observed. Therefore, initial comparative advantages and industrial diversity favor a better adaptation of production structures to market constraints. However, certain rigidities of the labour market like the low mobility of workers impede the re-polarisation tendencies.
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Paper provided by LATEC, Laboratoire d'Analyse et des Techniques EConomiques, CNRS UMR 5118, Université de Bourgogne in its series LATEC - Document de travail - Economie (1991-2003) with number
2001-08.
Length: 21 pages Date of creation: May 2001 Date of revision: Handle: RePEc:lat:lateco:2001-08
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