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Analyse spatiale de l’espace urbain : le cas de l’agglomération lyonnaise

Author

Listed:
  • Emilie Arnoult

    (ERUDITE - Equipe de Recherche sur l’Utilisation des Données Individuelles en lien avec la Théorie Economique - UPEM - Université Paris-Est Marne-la-Vallée - UPEC UP12 - Université Paris-Est Créteil Val-de-Marne - Paris 12, TEPP - Travail, Emploi et Politiques Publiques - UPEM - Université Paris-Est Marne-la-Vallée - CNRS - Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique)

  • Florent Sari

    (TEPP - Travail, Emploi et Politiques Publiques - UPEM - Université Paris-Est Marne-la-Vallée - CNRS - Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, LEMNA - Laboratoire d'économie et de management de Nantes Atlantique - IEMN-IAE Nantes - Institut d'Économie et de Management de Nantes - Institut d'Administration des Entreprises - Nantes - UN - Université de Nantes)

Abstract

L'objectif de ce travail est d'analyser la répartition de la population et de l'emploi au sein de la Communauté Urbaine de Lyon, appelée « le Grand Lyon », en mettant en perspective sa configuration spatiale et son évolution au cours du temps. Nous mobilisons dans un premier temps les outils de l'Analyse Exploratoire des Données Spatiales (ESDA) afin de déterminer s'il existe un ou plusieurs centroïdes autour desquels se répartissent l'emploi et la population. Afin de voir si la structure urbaine a évolué au cours de la dernière décennie, nous réalisons cette étude sur des données de 1999 et de 2009. Nous effectuons ensuite différentes analyses économétriques à partir des résultats de l'ESDA afin de déterminer si tout ou partie des centres mis en avant ont un impact significatif sur la répartition de l'emploi et de la population au sein de la Communauté Urbaine de Lyon, et de déterminer quel type de modèle décrit le mieux cet espace urbain. Nos résultats montrent que la localisation des emplois est fortement dépendante de la proximité au centre de Lyon, ainsi qu'une rupture de la densité d'emploi à partir de 8 kilomètres. L'analyse de la répartition de la population confirme l'effet significatif de la distance au centre-ville mais nous montrons également que les modélisations classiques de l'économie urbaine ne nous permettent pas de traiter du rôle significatif des centres d'emplois secondaires sur les stratégies de localisation des ménages. Nous observons cependant un recul de l'effet de la distance au centre-ville, confirmant ainsi le phénomène d'étalement urbain que connaissent grand nombre d'agglomérations françaises.

Suggested Citation

  • Emilie Arnoult & Florent Sari, 2015. "Analyse spatiale de l’espace urbain : le cas de l’agglomération lyonnaise," Working Papers halshs-01112662, HAL.
    • Handle: RePEc:hal:wpaper:halshs-01112662
    Note: View the original document on HAL open archive server: https://shs.hal.science/halshs-01112662
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    More about this item

    Keywords

    Schéma urbain; Etalement urbain; Fonctions de densité; Econométrie Spatiale;
    All these keywords.

    JEL classification:

    • C21 - Mathematical and Quantitative Methods - - Single Equation Models; Single Variables - - - Cross-Sectional Models; Spatial Models; Treatment Effect Models
    • J11 - Labor and Demographic Economics - - Demographic Economics - - - Demographic Trends, Macroeconomic Effects, and Forecasts
    • R23 - Urban, Rural, Regional, Real Estate, and Transportation Economics - - Household Analysis - - - Regional Migration; Regional Labor Markets; Population

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