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The Roma vaccination gap: Evidence from twelve countries in Central and South-East Europe

Author

Listed:
  • Laetitia Duval

    (Imperial College London)

  • François-Charles Wolff

    (LEMNA - Laboratoire d'économie et de management de Nantes Atlantique - IEMN-IAE Nantes - Institut d'Économie et de Management de Nantes - Institut d'Administration des Entreprises - Nantes - UN - Université de Nantes)

  • Martin Mckee

    (ECOHOST - LSHTM - London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine)

  • Bayard Roberts

    (ECOHOST - LSHTM - London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine)

Abstract

Aim: To investigate differences in vaccination coverage between Roma and otherwise comparable non-Roma children, including factors associated with the vaccination gap, health care access and discrimination faced by Roma. Methods: We analyse data from the Roma Regional Survey 2011 implemented in twelve countries of Central and SouthEast Europe. Our sample comprises 8,233 children aged up to 6 with 7,072 Roma children and 1,161 non-Roma children. Estimates of the Roma vaccination gap are estimated using Logit regressions. Results: We find that the Roma children have a lower probability of being vaccinated compared to non-Roma (odds ratio = 0.325). The odds of being vaccinated for a Roma child is 33.9% that of a non-Roma child for DPT, 34.4% for Polio, 38.6% for MMR and 45.7% for BCG. These differences do not appear to be explained entirely by their worse socioeconomic status. The ethnic gap narrows by about 50% once individual characteristics are controlled for, with odds ratios of 0.548 for DPT, 0.559 for Polio, 0.598 for MMR and 0.704 for BCG. The probability of being vaccinated increases with access to health care, especially when Roma have a doctor to approach when needed. Conclusions: Our findings point out a large difference in vaccination coverage between Roma and non-Roma and support the need for better understanding of factors influencing vaccination among Roma as well as policies that might improve services for Roma in Central and SouthEast Europe.

Suggested Citation

  • Laetitia Duval & François-Charles Wolff & Martin Mckee & Bayard Roberts, 2016. "The Roma vaccination gap: Evidence from twelve countries in Central and South-East Europe," Post-Print hal-01385007, HAL.
    • Handle: RePEc:hal:journl:hal-01385007
    DOI: 10.1016/j.vaccine.2016.10.003
    Note: View the original document on HAL open archive server: https://hal.science/hal-01385007
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    1. Laetitia Duval & François-Charles Wolff, 2016. "“I even met happy gypsies”," The Economics of Transition, The European Bank for Reconstruction and Development, vol. 24(4), pages 727-764, October.
    2. Benjamin Cook & Geoffrey Wayne & Anne Valentine & Anna Lessios & Ethan Yeh, 2013. "Revisiting the evidence on health and health care disparities among the Roma: a systematic review 2003–2012," International Journal of Public Health, Springer;Swiss School of Public Health (SSPH+), vol. 58(6), pages 885-911, December.
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    4. Gabor Kertesi & Gabor Kezdi, 2011. "The Roma/Non-Roma Test Score Gap in Hungary," American Economic Review, American Economic Association, vol. 101(3), pages 519-525, May.
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    6. Dena Ringold & Mitchell A. Orenstein & Erika Wilkens, 2005. "Roma in an Expanding Europe : Breaking the Poverty Cycle," World Bank Publications - Books, The World Bank Group, number 14869, December.
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    1. Róza Ádány & Péter Pikó & Szilvia Fiatal & Zsigmond Kósa & János Sándor & Éva Bíró & Karolina Kósa & György Paragh & Éva Bácsné Bába & Ilona Veres-Balajti & Klára Bíró & Orsolya Varga & Margit Balázs, 2020. "Prevalence of Insulin Resistance in the Hungarian General and Roma Populations as Defined by Using Data Generated in a Complex Health (Interview and Examination) Survey," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 17(13), pages 1-22, July.
    2. Belak, Andrej & Filakovska Bobakova, Daniela & Madarasova Geckova, Andrea & van Dijk, Jitse P. & Reijneveld, Sijmen A., 2020. "Why don't health care frontline professionals do more for segregated Roma? Exploring mechanisms supporting unequal care practices," Social Science & Medicine, Elsevier, vol. 246(C).
    3. Siciliani, Luigi & Wild, Claudia & McKee, Martin & Kringos, Dionne & Barry, Margaret M. & Barros, Pedro Pita & De Maeseneer, Jan & Murauskiene, Liubove & Ricciardi, Walter, 2020. "Strengthening vaccination programmes and health systems in the European Union: A framework for action," Health Policy, Elsevier, vol. 124(5), pages 511-518.
    4. Kabir Tombat & Jitse P. van Dijk, 2020. "Roma Health: An Overview of Communicable Diseases in Eastern and Central Europe," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 17(20), pages 1-12, October.
    5. Escobar-Ballesta, M. & García-Ramírez, M. & De Freitas, C., 2018. "Taking stock of Roma health policies in Spain: Lessons for health governance," Health Policy, Elsevier, vol. 122(4), pages 444-451.

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    Keywords

    immunization; Vaccination; ethnicity; Roma; Central and South-East Europe; discrimination;
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