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Le don gratuit. Le cas d'un établissement public

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  • Yvan Barel

    (LEMNA - Laboratoire d'économie et de management de Nantes Atlantique - IEMN-IAE Nantes - Institut d'Économie et de Management de Nantes - Institut d'Administration des Entreprises - Nantes - UN - Université de Nantes)

  • Sandrine Frémeaux

    (Audencia Recherche - Audencia Business School)

Abstract

La logique de la réciprocité est le cadre d'analyse dominant de la relation de travail. La logique du don/contredon s'inscrit dans ce même cadre de référence, en postulant qu'aucune relation d'échange ne peut survivre à une situation d'asymétrie trop forte (MAUSS, 1924). Mais elle ajoute une idée nouvelle en mettant en exergue le " tabou du calcul " (BOURDIEU, 1980) : le désir de contredon n'est pas toujours manifesté, ni même conscient. Aux côtés de la logique de réciprocité, un autre concept fait son apparition : celui de don existentiel ou don gratuit, qui se suffit à lui-même et dont les travaux de CAILLÉ et GODBOUT (1992), puis de DUMOND (2007) ont révélé l'importance. Déconnecté d'une quelconque attente de retour, le don existentiel est-il ce qui donne sens au travail ? Des expériences de don ont été exprimées par des salariés d'un CROUS (Centre Régional des OEuvres Universitaires et Scolaires), organisme public français ayant pour vocation de faciliter la vie des étudiants dans de nombreux domaines (restauration, logement, bourses, action sociale et culturelle, ouverture sur l'international). L'étude a été menée à l'occasion de la construction d'un projet d'établissement. Si, lors des entretiens semi-directifs réalisés auprès d'un échantillon transversal de trente-sept salariés, certains récits témoignent d'un attachement à la logique de réciprocité marchande, d'autres récits, au contraire, sont des témoignages de don aux étudiants. Cette analyse montre l'importance, pour un grand nombre de salariés, du rapport personnel, libre, non stratégique aux usagers, dans les entreprises de service public.

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  • Yvan Barel & Sandrine Frémeaux, 2008. "Le don gratuit. Le cas d'un établissement public," Post-Print hal-00765468, HAL.
    • Handle: RePEc:hal:journl:hal-00765468
    Note: View the original document on HAL open archive server: https://hal.science/hal-00765468
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    1. Sherry, John F, Jr, 1983. "Gift Giving in Anthropological Perspective," Journal of Consumer Research, Journal of Consumer Research Inc., vol. 10(2), pages 157-168, September.
    2. repec:dau:papers:123456789/4859 is not listed on IDEAS
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