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30 fiches pour comprendre les enjeux de la réforme ferroviaire

Author

Listed:
  • David Hergott
  • Florent Laroche

    (LET - Laboratoire d'économie des transports - UL2 - Université Lumière - Lyon 2 - ENTPE - École Nationale des Travaux Publics de l'État - CNRS - Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique)

  • Patricia Perennes

    (CES - Centre d'économie de la Sorbonne - UP1 - Université Paris 1 Panthéon-Sorbonne - CNRS - Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique)

Abstract

Près de 3 ans après le lancement des « Assisses du ferroviaire », le projet de loi sur la réforme ferroviaire va être prochainement débattu au Parlement. Cette longue gestation rappelle que nous sommes en présence d'un dossier sensible. Il est d'ailleurs possible que l'accouchement aussi soit délicat. Les débats parlementaires eux-mêmes ne seront qu'une étape, suivis d'autres tout aussi importantes : contenu des décrets d'application, contrats de performance avec les établissements, choix des dirigeants… Nous ne sommes donc pas à la fin mais au début d'un long processus auquel souhaitent contribuer les fiches rassemblées dans ce dossier. Ces 30 « coups de projecteur » témoignent du développement de la recherche dans le domaine du ferroviaire. Longtemps réservée aux techniciens du transport ferré, ce champ attire aujourd'hui les sciences humaines et sociales, notamment le droit, l'économie, la gestion. De nouvelles publications scientifiques internationales dédiées au ferroviaire ont vu le jour, tel que « l'International Journal of Rail Transportation ». Les colloques et conférences se multiplient tout comme les programmes européens de recherche centrés sur le ferroviaire. En France, on peut mentionner la nouvelle fondation « Railenium » et plusieurs organismes de recherche qui se penchent sur les questions ferroviaires (on peut citer l'IFSTTAR avec le LVMT et SPLOT, et le LET, entre autres). Il revenait donc à un ancien du monde de la socio-économie des transports de mettre en valeur ces travaux, non pas pour les seuls lecteurs des publications scientifiques, mais pour un large public. C'est pourquoi a été retenue la forme des « fiches ». Elle permet un accès direct et rapide à l'information. Rapide ne signifie pas superficiel. Le contenu des fiches est condensé mais riche, y compris par les références scientifiques détaillées dans la longue bibliographie finale. Leur objectif est d'éviter d'enfermer le débat dans une vision franco-française. Des réformes ferroviaires ont été et sont encore développées dans de nombreux pays d'Europe. Les récents débats au sein du Parlement européen ont montré que le contenu final du 4ème Paquet ferroviaire est encore incertain. Ils ont surtout rappelé que la question du degré de séparation entre gestionnaire d'infrastructure et exploitant ferroviaire n'était qu'un des multiples enjeux d'un objectif général de revitalisation du transport ferroviaire de voyageurs et de marchandises.

Suggested Citation

  • David Hergott & Florent Laroche & Patricia Perennes, 2014. "30 fiches pour comprendre les enjeux de la réforme ferroviaire," Université Paris1 Panthéon-Sorbonne (Post-Print and Working Papers) hal-01486732, HAL.
    • Handle: RePEc:hal:cesptp:hal-01486732
    Note: View the original document on HAL open archive server: https://hal.science/hal-01486732
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    References listed on IDEAS

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