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La Contribución Económica Ambiental de Programas de Conservación en México: Una Aplicación del Modelo Integrado Económico-Ambiental (IEEM)

Author

Listed:
  • Onil Banerjee

    (RMGEO Consultants Inc)

  • Martín Cicowiez

    (CEDLAS-IIE-FCE-UNLP)

  • Juan Manuel Torres-Rojo

    (Universidad Iberoamericana- Centro Transdisciplinar Universitario para la Sustentabilidad)

  • Renato Vargas

    (CHW Research)

  • Mónica LopezConlon

    (Ecosystem Services Economics Unit - United Nations Environment Programme)

  • Jacob Salcone

    (Ecosystem Services Economics Unit - United Nations Environment Programme)

  • Bram Edens

    (Statistics Division, DESA)

  • Elsa Marcela Begne De Larrea

    (Statistics Division, DESA)

  • César Rodríguez-Ortega

    (Secretaría de Medio Ambiente y Recurso Naturales)

  • José Eduardo de la Torre-Bárcena

    (Instituto Nacional de Estadística y Geografía (INEGI-México))

  • Vicente Díaz-Núñez

    (Instituto Nacional de Estadística y Geografía (INEGI-México))

  • Francisco Guillen-Martin

    (Instituto Nacional de Estadística y Geografía (INEGI-México))

Abstract

En este estudio se investigan los impactos, tanto económicos como aquellos sobre el capital natural y servicios ecosistémicos, de tres programas de conservación en México. Más precisamente, se analizan el programa de pago por servicios ambientales, el programa para reducir las emisiones en el sector agrícola, silvicultura y otros usos de la tierra, y el programa de unidades de manejo para la conservación de la vida silvestre. La estimación de los beneficios de estos programas es importante para justificar su financiamiento, en un contexto en el cual los recursos públicos son cada vez más escasos. Para tal fin, se aplica el Modelo Económico-Ambiental Integrado (IEEM por sus siglas en inglés) vinculado con la modelación espacial de alta resolución de cambios en uso y cobertura de suelos y servicios ecosistémicos (IEEM+ESM). Los resultados muestran que el impacto combinado de estos tres programas sobre el producto interno bruto acumulado hasta el año 2035 es de alrededor de US$856.9 millones de dólares, mientras que el impacto sobre la riqueza es aproximadamente US$492.3 millones de dólares. En conjunto, los tres programas considerados reducen la pobreza en 1,800 individuos. IEEM+ESM permite cuantificar, además de los efectos puramente económicos, el aporte que realizan distintos servicios ecosistémicos como, por ejemplo, cultura y recreación, de abastecimiento de agua y de regulación. A modo de ejemplo, cuando se consideran los servicios ecosistémicos de regulación, el impacto conjunto de los tres programas sobre el producto interno bruto es 1.34 veces más elevado. Los resultados presentados en este estudio pueden ser de utilidad para la obtención de recursos que permitan la continuidad e, incluso, la ampliación de estos programas, considerando que contribuyen a la conservación de la biodiversidad y el capital natural, así como también al bienestar de la sociedad mexicana.

Suggested Citation

  • Onil Banerjee & Martín Cicowiez & Juan Manuel Torres-Rojo & Renato Vargas & Mónica LopezConlon & Jacob Salcone & Bram Edens & Elsa Marcela Begne De Larrea & César Rodríguez-Ortega & José Eduardo de la, 2023. "La Contribución Económica Ambiental de Programas de Conservación en México: Una Aplicación del Modelo Integrado Económico-Ambiental (IEEM)," CEDLAS, Working Papers 0315, CEDLAS, Universidad Nacional de La Plata.
  • Handle: RePEc:dls:wpaper:0315
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    More about this item

    JEL classification:

    • O1 - Economic Development, Innovation, Technological Change, and Growth - - Economic Development
    • I31 - Health, Education, and Welfare - - Welfare, Well-Being, and Poverty - - - General Welfare, Well-Being
    • I24 - Health, Education, and Welfare - - Education - - - Education and Inequality

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