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La política social de las telecomunicaciones en Colombia

Author

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  • Andrés Gomez-Lobo
  • Marcela Meléndez

Abstract

“Muchos países han establecido políticas especiales para promover el acceso universal a los servicios de telecomunicaciones. Tras estas políticas está la convicción de que las fuerzas de mercado, por sí solas, no generan un acceso y/o uso adecuado de estos servicios por parte de la población, especialmente entre aquellos hogares de menores recursos o que residen en zonas aisladas. A mediados de los noventa Colombia reformó su política social en el sector de las telecomunicaciones, con dos objetos: i) dar directrices para el desarrollo del acceso universal, y ii) potenciar la prestación del servicio universal por medio del desarrollo de programas de telefonía social. A pesar de los bueno resultados, el país enfrenta aún importantes retos en materia de telecomunicaciones sociales: el esquema de subsidios y contribuciones planteado por la Ley 142 es deficitario, hay marcadas diferencias en la distribución de líneas entre regiones, zonas urbanas y rurales, y estratos; y la brecha digital, entendida como la diferencia de oportunidades, entre individuos, comunidades, negocios y áreas geográficas para tener acceso a las tecnologías de la información y de comunicaciones, viene en aumento. Fedesarrollo presenta una evaluación de la política social de telecomunicaciones vigente, que tiene por objeto entregar al Gobierno elementos de juicio para repensar el rumbo, manteniendo las políticas y programas que han dado buenos resultados, reformando las que han pedido su razón de ser con el uso del tiempo y la rápida evolución de los mercados y la tecnología, ajustando las que son susceptibles de ser mejoradas y eliminando aquellas que en el contexto actual no realizan un verdadero aporte al acceso de la población de menores ingresos a los servicios de telecomunicaciones.”

Suggested Citation

  • Andrés Gomez-Lobo & Marcela Meléndez, 2006. "La política social de las telecomunicaciones en Colombia," Cuadernos de Fedesarrollo 12707, Fedesarrollo.
    • Handle: RePEc:col:000439:012707
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    File URL: http://hdl.handle.net/11445/1918
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    References listed on IDEAS

    as
    1. Sorana, Valter, 2000. "Auctions for Universal Service Subsidies," Journal of Regulatory Economics, Springer, vol. 18(1), pages 33-58, July.
    2. Jerry Hausman, 1998. "Taxation by Telecommunications Regulation," NBER Chapters, in: Tax Policy and the Economy, Volume 12, pages 29-48, National Bureau of Economic Research, Inc.
    3. Weller, Dennis, 1999. "Auctions for universal service obligations," Telecommunications Policy, Elsevier, vol. 23(9), pages 645-674, October.
    4. Bjorn Wellenius, 2002. "Closing the Gap in Access to Rural Communications : Chile 1995-2002," World Bank Publications - Books, The World Bank Group, number 14058, December.
    5. Jerry Hausman, 1998. "Taxation by Telecommunications Regulation," Books, American Enterprise Institute, number 53052, September.
    Full references (including those not matched with items on IDEAS)

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    Cited by:

    1. Casasbuenas, Jaime & de Oliveira, Fernando & Riobó, Alexander, 2014. "Effective subsidies to the demand for fixed broadbandwith an increase in penetration and an undistorted competition landscape: The Colombian case," 20th ITS Biennial Conference, Rio de Janeiro 2014: The Net and the Internet - Emerging Markets and Policies 106900, International Telecommunications Society (ITS).

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    More about this item

    Keywords

    Telecomunicaciones; Política Social; Telefonía Móvil Celular; Internet;
    All these keywords.

    JEL classification:

    • L96 - Industrial Organization - - Industry Studies: Transportation and Utilities - - - Telecommunications
    • L86 - Industrial Organization - - Industry Studies: Services - - - Information and Internet Services; Computer Software

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