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L’évolution du secteur bioalimentaire sur les territoires du Québec. Identification des principales dynamiques et facteurs explicatifs

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  • Annie Royer
  • Patrick Mundler
  • Julie Ruiz

Abstract

→ Read CIRANO PERSPECTIVES The Quebec food sector has undergone profound changes over the past few decades: specialization of businesses and territories, concentration within increasingly large companies, industrialization of production processes and intensification of resource use. However, these major trends mask different developments throughout the territory. What are the best tools to support a sector in the midst of restructuring and to adapt to the contrasting dynamics of Quebec agriculture? This vast study proposes a clear diagnosis of the situation by characterizing the spatial dynamics of the bio-food sector from 1961 to 2016. “Spatial dynamics” refers to the way in which a phenomenon unfolds in a territory or changes over time. The authors are interested in three main phenomena: the presence and constitution of sectoral poles, agricultural territorial specialization, and the economic concentration of sectors in the territory. This research provides a better understanding of the factors that have shaped the development of different bio-food sectors and reflects on the differentiated impacts of various factors such as government policies, agro-climatic conditions, market conditions, technology, societal, cultural and demographic factors depending on the territory. The authors show how government decisions to support or supervise the bio-food sector have major territorial consequences, hence the importance of taking this dimension into consideration more systematically, right from the development of programs, whatever they may be. → Lire le PERSPECTIVES CIRANO Le secteur bioalimentaire québécois a subi de profondes transformations au cours des dernières décennies : spécialisation des entreprises et des territoires, concentration au sein d’entreprises de plus en plus grandes, industrialisation des processus de production et intensification de l’usage des ressources. Ces mouvements de fond masquent toutefois des évolutions différenciées selon les territoires. Quels sont les meilleurs outils pour accompagner un secteur en pleine restructuration et s’adapter aux dynamiques contrastées qui traversent l’agriculture québécoise ? Cette vaste étude propose un diagnostic clair de la situation en caractérisant les dynamiques spatiales du secteur bioalimentaire de 1961 à 2016. Par « dynamique spatiale », on entend la façon dont un phénomène se déploie sur les territoires ou change au cours du temps. Les auteurs s’intéressent à trois principaux phénomènes : la présence et la constitution de pôles sectoriels, la spécialisation territoriale agricole, et la concentration économique des secteurs sur le territoire. Cette recherche permet de mieux comprendre les facteurs qui ont façonné le développement de différents secteurs du bioalimentaire et de réfléchir aux impacts différenciés qu’ont pu avoir divers facteurs comme les politiques gouvernementales, les conditions agroclimatiques, les conditions de marché, la technologie, les facteurs sociétaux, culturels, démographiques selon le territoire. Les auteurs montrent combien les décisions gouvernementales de soutien ou d’encadrement du secteur bioalimentaire ont de lourdes conséquences territoriales, d’où l’importance que cette dimension soit prise en considération plus systématiquement et ce, dès l’élaboration des programmes, quels qu’ils soient.

Suggested Citation

  • Annie Royer & Patrick Mundler & Julie Ruiz, 2023. "L’évolution du secteur bioalimentaire sur les territoires du Québec. Identification des principales dynamiques et facteurs explicatifs," CIRANO Project Reports 2023rp-14, CIRANO.
  • Handle: RePEc:cir:cirpro:2023rp-14
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    File URL: https://cirano.qc.ca/files/publications/2023RP-14.pdf
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    References listed on IDEAS

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