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Why has the female unemployment rate fallen so much in Britain?

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Author Info
Phil Evans
Abstract

A decrease in female unemployment wholly accounts for the fall in total UK unemployment between its 1984 and 1993 peaks. This fall is associated with a fall in the female inflow rate, is concentrated among women with young children, and is equally evident for all skill groups. These trends cannot be explained by cyclical factors, rather, it is argued that improvements in the provision of workplace childcare have made it easier for mothers with young children to return to work. This reduction in labour market frictions could mean that the natural rate of unemployment has fallen.

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Paper provided by Bank of England in its series Bank of England working papers with number 87.

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Handle: RePEc:boe:boeewp:87

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  1. Burda, Michael & Wyplosz, Charles, 1994. "Gross worker and job flows in Europe," European Economic Review, Elsevier, vol. 38(6), pages 1287-1315, June. [Downloadable!] (restricted)
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  2. Burgess, Simon & Rees, Hedley, 1997. "Transient Jobs and Lifetime Jobs: Dualism in the British Labour Market," Oxford Bulletin of Economics and Statistics, Department of Economics, University of Oxford, vol. 59(3), pages 309-28, August.
  3. Nickell, Stephen & Bell, Brian, 1995. "The Collapse in Demand for the Unskilled and Unemployment across the OECD," Oxford Review of Economic Policy, Oxford University Press, vol. 11(1), pages 40-62, Spring.
  4. McCall, Brian P, 1990. "Occupational Matching: A Test of Sorts," Journal of Political Economy, University of Chicago Press, vol. 98(1), pages 45-69, February. [Downloadable!] (restricted)
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  5. Machin, Steve, 1994. "Changes in the Relative Demand for Skills in the UK Labour Market," CEPR Discussion Papers 952, C.E.P.R. Discussion Papers. [Downloadable!] (restricted)
  6. Peter Robinson, 1997. "The Myth of Parity of Esteem: Earnings and Qualifications," CEP Discussion Papers dp0354, Centre for Economic Performance, LSE. [Downloadable!]
  7. Haskel, J., 1996. "The Decline in Unskilled Employment in UK Manufacturing," CEPR Discussion Papers 342, Centre for Economic Policy Research, Research School of Social Sciences, Australian National University.
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  8. Layard, R. & Nickell, S., . "Layard-Nickell," Instructional Stata datasets for econometrics layardnickell, Boston College Department of Economics. [Downloadable!]
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