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Natural Resource Windfalls: Effects in Non-producing Areas

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  • Alejandro Ome
  • Gerson Javier Pérez-Valbuena

Abstract

We study the impact of natural resource royalties on educational outcomes in Colombia. We analyze a reform enacted in 2012 that made the distribution of these royalties more equitable. Before the reform, most royalties were assigned to the regions where the natural resources were exploited; with the reform non-producing regions started to receive royalties. We estimate the impact of the reform on regions that most benefited from it, using the international price of oil as an instrument in a difference-in-differences framework. We found positive impacts on enrollment in primary, secondary, and high schools, but no conclusive evidence on academic achievement at any of these levels. **** RESUMEN: En este documento estudiamos para Colombia el impacto de las regalías recibidas por la explotación de los recursos naturales en la educación. Para ello, analizamos la reforma promulgada en 2012 la cual pasó a distribuir los recursos en forma más equitativa. Antes de la reforma, la mayoría de regalías se asignaban a las regiones en donde se llevaba a cabo la explotación de los recursos naturales; con la reforma, los territorios no-productores comenzaron a recibir parte de estos recursos. Mediante un modelo de diferencia en diferencias, y utilizando el precio internacional del petróleo como instrumento, estimamos el impacto de la reforma en las regiones que más se beneficiaron de estos recursos. Los resultados muestran efectos positivos en el número de matriculados en educación primaria y secundaria, pero no se evidencian resultados concluyentes en los puntajes de las pruebas estandarizadas para ninguno de los niveles.

Suggested Citation

  • Alejandro Ome & Gerson Javier Pérez-Valbuena, 2022. "Natural Resource Windfalls: Effects in Non-producing Areas," Documentos de trabajo sobre Economía Regional y Urbana 313, Banco de la Republica de Colombia.
    • Handle: RePEc:bdr:region:313
    DOI: 10.32468/dtseru.313
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    1. Fleming, David A. & Measham, Thomas G. & Paredes, Dusan, 2015. "Understanding the resource curse (or blessing) across national and regional scales: Theory, empirical challenges and an application," Australian Journal of Agricultural and Resource Economics, Australian Agricultural and Resource Economics Society, vol. 59(4), October.
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    More about this item

    Keywords

    Royalties; education; public finance; instrumental variables; regalías; educación; finanzas públicas; variables instrumentales;
    All these keywords.

    JEL classification:

    • C43 - Mathematical and Quantitative Methods - - Econometric and Statistical Methods: Special Topics - - - Index Numbers and Aggregation
    • D11 - Microeconomics - - Household Behavior - - - Consumer Economics: Theory
    • E21 - Macroeconomics and Monetary Economics - - Consumption, Saving, Production, Employment, and Investment - - - Consumption; Saving; Wealth
    • E31 - Macroeconomics and Monetary Economics - - Prices, Business Fluctuations, and Cycles - - - Price Level; Inflation; Deflation

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