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The Adoption of Blockchain-based Decentralized Exchanges

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  • Agostino Capponi
  • Ruizhe Jia

Abstract

We investigate the market microstructure of Automated Market Makers (AMMs), the most prominent type of blockchain-based decentralized exchanges. We show that the order execution mechanism yields token value loss for liquidity providers if token exchange rates are volatile. AMMs are adopted only if their token pairs are of high personal use for investors, or the token price movements of the pair are highly correlated. A pricing curve with higher curvature reduces the arbitrage problem but also investors' surplus. Pooling multiple tokens exacerbates the arbitrage problem. We provide statistical support for our main model implications using transaction-level data of AMMs.

Suggested Citation

  • Agostino Capponi & Ruizhe Jia, 2021. "The Adoption of Blockchain-based Decentralized Exchanges," Papers 2103.08842, arXiv.org, revised Jul 2021.
    • Handle: RePEc:arx:papers:2103.08842
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    Cited by:

    1. Jonathan Chiu & Charles M. Kahn & Thorsten V. Koeppl, 2022. "Grasping decentralized finance through the lens of economic theory," Canadian Journal of Economics/Revue canadienne d'économique, John Wiley & Sons, vol. 55(4), pages 1702-1728, November.
    2. Roger Lee, 2023. "All AMMs are CFMMs. All DeFi markets have invariants. A DeFi market is arbitrage-free if and only if it has an increasing invariant," Papers 2310.09782, arXiv.org, revised Dec 2023.
    3. Andrea Canidio, 2023. "Auctions with Tokens: Monetary Policy as a Mechanism Design Choice," Papers 2301.13794, arXiv.org, revised Aug 2023.
    4. Brolley, Michael & Zoican, Marius, 2023. "On-demand fast trading on decentralized exchanges," Finance Research Letters, Elsevier, vol. 51(C).
    5. Andrea Canidio & Vincent Danos, 2023. "Commitment Against Front Running Attacks," Papers 2301.13785, arXiv.org, revised Jul 2023.
    6. Neelesh Tiruviluamala & Alexander Port & Erik Lewis, 2022. "A General Framework for Impermanent Loss in Automated Market Makers," Papers 2203.11352, arXiv.org.
    7. Joseph Najnudel & Shen-Ning Tung & Kazutoshi Yamazaki & Ju-Yi Yen, 2024. "An arbitrage driven price dynamics of Automated Market Makers in the presence of fees," Papers 2401.01526, arXiv.org.
    8. Maxim Bichuch & Zachary Feinstein, 2022. "Axioms for Automated Market Makers: A Mathematical Framework in FinTech and Decentralized Finance," Papers 2210.01227, arXiv.org, revised Aug 2023.
    9. Michael Sockin & Wei Xiong, 2021. "A Model of Cryptocurrencies," Working Papers 2021-67, Princeton University. Economics Department..
    10. Hamed Amini & Maxim Bichuch & Zachary Feinstein, 2023. "Decentralized Prediction Markets and Sports Books," Papers 2307.08768, arXiv.org, revised Aug 2023.
    11. Ariah Klages-Mundt & Steffen Schuldenzucker, 2022. "Designing Autonomous Markets for Stablecoin Monetary Policy," Papers 2212.12398, arXiv.org.
    12. Jason Milionis & Ciamac C. Moallemi & Tim Roughgarden, 2023. "Complexity-Approximation Trade-offs in Exchange Mechanisms: AMMs vs. LOBs," Papers 2302.11652, arXiv.org, revised Apr 2023.
    13. Austin Adams, 2024. "Layer 2 be or Layer not 2 be: Scaling on Uniswap v3," Papers 2403.09494, arXiv.org, revised Mar 2024.
    14. Andrea Barbon & Angelo Ranaldo, 2021. "On The Quality Of Cryptocurrency Markets: Centralized Versus Decentralized Exchanges," Papers 2112.07386, arXiv.org, revised Jul 2023.
    15. Auer, Raphael & Haslhofer, Bernhard & Kitzler, Stefan & Saggese, Pietro & Friedhelm, Victor, 2023. "The Technology of Decentralized Finance (DeFi)," CEPR Discussion Papers 18038, C.E.P.R. Discussion Papers.
    16. Cheuk Yin Lee & Shen-Ning Tung & Tai-Ho Wang, 2024. "Growth rate of liquidity provider's wealth in G3Ms," Papers 2403.18177, arXiv.org.
    17. Alfred Lehar & Christine Parlour & Marius Zoican, 2023. "Fragmentation and optimal liquidity supply on decentralized exchanges," Papers 2307.13772, arXiv.org, revised Feb 2024.
    18. Jun Deng & Hua Zong & Yun Wang, 2022. "Static Replication of Impermanent Loss for Concentrated Liquidity Provision in Decentralised Markets," Papers 2205.12043, arXiv.org, revised Mar 2023.
    19. Igor Makarov & Antoinette Schoar, 2022. "Cryptocurrencies and Decentralised Finance," BIS Working Papers 1061, Bank for International Settlements.
    20. Tobias Bitterli & Fabian Schar, 2023. "Decentralized Exchanges: The Profitability Frontier of Constant Product Market Makers," Papers 2302.05219, arXiv.org, revised Mar 2023.
    21. Jason Milionis & Ciamac C. Moallemi & Tim Roughgarden & Anthony Lee Zhang, 2022. "Automated Market Making and Loss-Versus-Rebalancing," Papers 2208.06046, arXiv.org, revised Nov 2023.
    22. Philippe Bergault & Louis Bertucci & David Bouba & Olivier Gu'eant, 2022. "Automated Market Makers: Mean-Variance Analysis of LPs Payoffs and Design of Pricing Functions," Papers 2212.00336, arXiv.org, revised Nov 2023.
    23. Andrea Canidio & Robin Fritsch, 2023. "Arbitrageurs' profits, LVR, and sandwich attacks: batch trading as an AMM design response," Papers 2307.02074, arXiv.org, revised Feb 2024.
    24. Basile Caparros & Amit Chaudhary & Olga Klein, 2023. "Blockchain scaling and liquidity concentration on decentralized exchanges," Papers 2306.17742, arXiv.org, revised Mar 2024.

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