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Raum und Verkehr - ein Feld komplexer Wirkungsbeziehungen: Können Interventionen in die gebaute Umwelt klimawirksame Verkehrsemissionen wirklich senken?

In: Wechselwirkungen von Mobilität und Raumentwicklung im Kontext gesellschaftlichen Wandels

Author

Listed:
  • Holz-Rau, Christian
  • Scheiner, Joachim

Abstract

Mit dem Bild einer integrierten Standort- und Verkehrsplanung verknüpft sich die Hoffnung, die bisher verkehrsinduzierend wirkenden "Wechselwirkungen zwischen Raum und Verkehr" quasi umzudrehen und durch planerische Interventionen in den Bereichen von Standortstruktur und Verkehrsangebot einen nennenswerten Beitrag zur Reduzierung der klimarelevanten Emissionen zu leisten. Die planerische Gestaltung nutzungsgemischter und kompakter Standortstrukturen auf kommunaler und regionaler Ebene wird allerdings überlagert von gesellschaftlichen und räumlichen Entwicklungen, für die großräumige Mobilität politisch erwünscht oder strukturell notwendig ist. Vor diesem Hintergrund erscheinen die genannten Hoffnungen deutlich übertrieben. Wir stellen in diesem Beitrag bekannte empirische Ergebnisse zu Raumstrukturen und Verkehr in einen anderen Interpretationszusammenhang und lenken den Blick auf wichtigere Treiber der Verkehrsentwicklung, die allerdings außerhalb des Handlungsfeldes einer integrierten Standort- und Verkehrsplanung stehen. Wir ziehen die Schlussfolgerung, dass eine integrierte Standort- und Verkehrsplanung nicht mit der Vermeidung von CO2-Emissionen begründet werden sollte. Trotzdem bleibt sie sinnvoll, da sie zu weiteren Zielen der Stadtentwicklung beitragen kann. Denn eine integrierte Standort- und Verkehrsplanung auf kommunaler und regionaler Ebene kann Erreichbarkeit auch ohne Pkw sichern, Verkehr verträglicher abwickeln sowie (allerdings in eher geringem Umfang) Verkehr verlagern und vermeiden. Entsprechend sollte eine kommunale und regionale Standort- und Verkehrsplanung mit realistischen, erreichbaren Zielen begründet werden, aber auch betonen, dass sie gegenüber der generellen Zunahme von Distanzen und den damit verbundenen klimawirksamen Emissionen im eigenen Handlungsfeld weitgehend wirkungslos bleibt. Umgekehrt schließen wir daraus, dass die unzweifelhaft auch im Verkehrsbereich notwendigen Emissionsminderungen durch Interventionen vor allem auf EU- und Bundesebene erfolgen müssen.

Suggested Citation

  • Holz-Rau, Christian & Scheiner, Joachim, 2020. "Raum und Verkehr - ein Feld komplexer Wirkungsbeziehungen: Können Interventionen in die gebaute Umwelt klimawirksame Verkehrsemissionen wirklich senken?," Forschungsberichte der ARL: Aufsätze, in: Reutter, Ulrike & Holz-Rau, Christian & Albrecht, Janna & Hülz, Martina (ed.), Wechselwirkungen von Mobilität und Raumentwicklung im Kontext gesellschaftlichen Wandels, volume 14, pages 76-101, ARL – Akademie für Raumentwicklung in der Leibniz-Gemeinschaft.
  • Handle: RePEc:zbw:arlfba:224888
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    1. Gertz, Carsten & Holz-Rau, Christian, 2020. "Ziele, Strategien und Maßnahmen einer integrierten Verkehrsplanung - Planungsverständnis des Arbeitskreises," Forschungsberichte der ARL: Aufsätze, in: Reutter, Ulrike & Holz-Rau, Christian & Albrecht, Janna & Hülz, Martina (ed.), Wechselwirkungen von Mobilität und Raumentwicklung im Kontext gesellschaftlichen Wandels, volume 14, pages 18-31, ARL – Akademie für Raumentwicklung in der Leibniz-Gemeinschaft.
    2. Beckmann, Klaus J., 2020. "Automatisierter Verkehr und Einsatz autonomer Fahrzeuge - (mögliche) Folgen für die Raum- und Verkehrsentwicklung," Forschungsberichte der ARL: Aufsätze, in: Reutter, Ulrike & Holz-Rau, Christian & Albrecht, Janna & Hülz, Martina (ed.), Wechselwirkungen von Mobilität und Raumentwicklung im Kontext gesellschaftlichen Wandels, volume 14, pages 244-269, ARL – Akademie für Raumentwicklung in der Leibniz-Gemeinschaft.

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